This page created 8 August 2002 / last modified 14 February 2003

Longslip pastoral lease

Po 020
Ahuriri Valley
Otago Land District
Tenure review yet to be approved by Commissioner of Crown Lands

Summary of Preliminary Proposal (pdf 770k)

DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION RESOURCE REPORT TO KNIGHT FRANK ON TENURE REVIEW OF LONGSLIP PASTORAL LEASE

PART ONE: INTRODUCTION

LONGSLIP pastoral lease (15078 ha.) is situated at the entrance to the Ahuriri Valley. The homestead is located on the Lindis Pass State Highway (SH8) some 12 kilometre-q from Omarama.

The property is wedge shaped, running from the Lindis Pass highway, through to Timaru Creek in the west. The north eastern part of the property is bounded by the Ahuriri River and the southern tributaries of the Avon Bum. The southern boundary borders on to Dalrachney pastoral lease, which is in the tenure review process. The majority of the property is steep hill or mountainous country, dissected by numerous tributaries.

Longslip Station spans three separate Ecological Regions (E.R.) and three Ecological Districts (E.D.). These are as follows:

Steep we stern ranges lie within Wanaka E.D. and Lakes E.R. Eastern headwaters of Lindis River lie within Lindis E.D. and Central Otago E.R. . Balance of property to east lies within the Ahuriri E.D. and Mackenzie E.R.

The Lindis and Ahuriri E.D. were assessed under two separate Protected Natural Areas Programme (PNAP) surveys in the mid 1980s. These surveys identified three Recommended Areas for Protection (Raps) on Longslip. These Raps were, Ahuriri RAP 10 Longslip Gully, Avon Burn and Ahuriri RAP 9 Avon Burn scrub and Lindis A1, Lindis Head.

There are no reserves on or adjacent to Longslip. There is however, a large area (3905 ha) of unallocated Crown Land in the headwaters of Timaru Creek alongside the property's western boundary. This area is commonly known as the Dingleburn UCL.

PART TWO: CONSERVATION RESOURCE DESCRIPTION

2.1 Landscape

Longslip is situated at the entrance to the Ahuriri Valley and the Lindis Pass. However only a small portion of the property is visible from the Lindis Pass State highway, a major tourist route. The Ahuriri Valley road traverses over part of the Longslip flats. However the majority of the property is hidden from view.

Broadly, Longslip forms one more or less homogeneous landscape, which is a reflection of the similar geology of the property. There are however discernible differences evident, which are mainly due to differences in the condition of the vegetation. These are

The lower foot hill slopes have been largely modified and have been oversown and topdressed.
Tussock cover above 1000m is relatively intact
The back block has the largest landscape variation, with higher mountain screes and a varying vegetation pattern.

Though Longslip broadly forms one Landscape type, it is convenient to divide the property in two for assessment purposes.

1. Front Country
This encompasses the steeper front country and includes the smaller river flats as well as the Ahuriri river terraces, the lower slopes have been OSTD. Above the 1000m contour the vegetation is primarily homogenous, tall tussock grassland of varying density. While small screes, rocky outcrops and tracking intrude, the overall feeling is of a continuous tussock grassland.
Small shrubland areas exist along with remnant Beech and Halls Totara forest.

2 . Back Block
This area includes the main N-- S Mountain block above Timaru Creek. Here the mountains are higher, more dissected, have numerous scree slopes and rocky outcrops. The vegetation pattern is highly variable, with patches of shrubland, tussockland and alpine fellfields. This area engenders a feeling of remoteness due to its isolation and relative intactness of the area.

2.2 Landform and Geology

The majority of Longslip is relatively steep, rising from 600m in the east near the homestead and Ahuriri flats to over 1925 m (Mount Melina) in the west. The majority of the mountain tops and ridge crests range from 1300m to 1600m. The steeper mountainous western portion of Longslip has a high mountain range running in a SE -NE axis. While the balance of the steep country forms a dissected ridge Iying on an E -W axis.

The headwaters of the Lindis River, Timaru Creek and the Avon Burn are found on Longslip. There are also numerous steep tributaries that flow into the main rivers.

Small alluvial flats are found above Longslip Creek, the Lindis River and parts of the Avon Burn. Larger terraces occur above the Ahuriri River alongside the Birchwood road.

The main mountain ranges are finely foliated schists and non-foliated greywackes of the Haast schist group. The primary soils are Kaikoura hydrous yellow brown earth's and alpine steepland soils associated with the main western ridge crests.

2.3 Vegetation

Throughout the property, the vegetation pattern is characterised by communities at higher altitudes retaining the greatest level of naturalness. The transition from more intensively managed to more natural communities is often rapid and generally occurs between 1000 and 1200 metres in altitude.

There is also a pronounced rainfall gradient between western and eastern parts of the property. This gradient is reflected by community composition, structure and condition with drier eastern areas generally characterised by more sparse vegetative cover, increased incidence of bare soil as a proportion of the ground cover and a higher incidence of invasive plants such as Hieracium spp and sweet brier.

A more detailed summary of vegetation pattern follows.

Wanaka Block
The Wanaka block comprises western slopes of the upper Timaru River catchment and eastern slopes of the main ridge system dividing the Timaru River and Lindis River catchments. The block is characterised by steep colluvial slopes with well developed ridge and gully systems. Scree and talus slopes are extensive at high elevations. This entire block retains a moderate to high level of naturalness.

Western Slopes
Vegetation is characterised by Chionochloa rigida/hard tussock and Chionochloa rigida -[Chionochloas macra] communities on steep colluvial slopes. At mid altitudes and on unburned lower slopes Chionochloa rigida contributes up to 80% of total vegetative cover. On more depleted slopes, especially in the lower valley, Chionochloa rigida is scattered in association with hard or Mathew's tussock and blue tussock. This valley supports some of the least depleted tussockland communities on sunny aspects observed on the property with good altitudinal sequences represented.

Higher altitude slopes support predominantly scree vegetation, with localised bands of Chionochloa macra tussockland in more stable areas such as cirque basins and more gently sloping gully heads. The stature and extent of Chionochloa macra in these areas has generally been depleted by stock grazing.

Localised snowbank, fellfield, Coprosma and Dracophyllum shrubland communities were also noted.

Eastern faces
The eastern faces of this block are less steep with well developed head basins and cirque-q. Above approximately 1200 metres Chionochloa rigida - [Chionochloa macra] communities predominate, merging into high alpine Chionochloa macra in more stable head basins and cirque-q. Schoenus flushes are scattered throughout. Upper ridge slopes and spurs generally comprise active scree which are sparsely vegetated.

Chionochloa rigida tussockland-q generally retain good levels of tall tussock cover although stature is often low and there is noticeable erosion in steepend gully heads and sideslopes. Chionochloa macra communities show noticeable signs of browse with depletion of tussock cover and stature.

Below 1200 metres Chionochloa rigida/hard tussock and hard tussock/exotic grasslands predominate. Cover of tall tussock improves in steep gullies and on shady slopes, but is generally sparse elsewhere. These communities are generally of low natural value although their species composition retains a high frequency of indigenous herbs and small woody plants.

Dracophyllyum uniflorum - Chionochloa rigida mixed shrub tussockland-q occur throughout on steep shaded gully faces and rocky spurs. A small area of mixed Brachyglottis cassinioides/Dracophyllum longifolium shrubland is located at G39 356 319 on steep shaded faces in the main stream and adjoining gully of the Lindis River headwaters. This is the largest remnant Brachyglottis cassinioides shrubland noted on the property and is of interest for the diversity of species it contains and diversity of adjoining communities including mixed Hebe rakaiensis, Hebe odora, Hebe buchananfi shrublands associated with the water course margins, and a stand of mountain toatoa in the upper gully.

Mountain beech remnants occur in Burnt Bush Stream (G39 357 288) and an unnamed stream at G39 357 306.

Lindis Block
The Lindis Block incorporates a central section of low hills and area of steep hill slopes associated with headwater tributaries around the Lindis River catchment margins.

The low hills are characterised by extensive hard tussock/exotic grassland communities. Most areas have been oversown and topdressed with adventive plants comprising a high proportion of total cover and are of low natural value. Probably associated with the increased rainfall compared to eastern portions of the property and increased fertility from OSTD is an increase in the frequency of matagouri/mingimingi shrublands on footslopes, lower gullies and terraces in this area.

The eastern headwater tributaries and steep south facing slopes rising to the northern catchment margins retain a moderate to high degree of naturalness, especially at altitudes above 1200 metres.

Eastern Headwaters
Lindis A1 RAP occupies most of the eastern headwaters area. Chionochloa rigida/hard tussock and Chionochloa rigida - [Chionochloa macra] communities are extensive with moderately dense tussock cover on shady aspects and more sparse cover on sunny faces. At lower altitudes exotic species become a noticeable community component, however, there is a high level of naturalness on upper and shady slopes. Minor snowbank communities are present in the head of the basin and Dracophyllum pronum shrublands are associated with stable talus and boulder fields on upper slopes. Small, localised scree and flush communities are scattered on upper slopes while matagouri/mingimingi shrublands are scattered near the confluence of the two main catchments.

Features of note include the altitudinal sequences of snow tussockland (altitudinal range of approximately 1000 - 1500 metres) and diversity of associated communities. The presence of Hebe epacridea, H. pinguifolia, Epilobium glabellum, E. crassum, Leucogenes grandiceps and Forstera sedifolia is unusual in the Lindis Ecological District.

Northern Margins
South facing slopes below Pavillion Peak and the main east - west ridge marking the Ecological District boundary are characterised by steep colluvial slopes dissected by deep seated landslips, active gully erosion and gully base fans.

Dracophyllum pronum shrublands cover stable talus and rock outcrops on upper slopes with scattered shrubs of Hebe buchananii on isolated rock outcrops inaccessible to stock. Depleted Chionochloa rigida - [Chionochloa macra] communities occupy stable colluvial slopes, merging further downslope to Dracophyllum uniflorum - Chionochloa rigida mixed shrub tussockland-q and Chionochloa rigida/hard tussock communities.

Ahuriri Block
Vegetative cover in the block is dominated by montane and S grasslands which have been generally depleted and modified by grazing, oversowing and top dressing (approx. 70% of block). These areas are of low naturalness, with adventive plants comprising a high proportion of total cover. Of note in eastern areas was the increased frequency and cover of mouse eared hawkweed and briar rose as community components compared to other parts of the property.

Areas of high naturalness are comparatively small in size, aggregated around upper headwater basins and spurs in eastern portions of the block and higher rainfall areas along the western margin of the property in the upper Avon Burn catchment.

Eastern lIeadwaters
The headwaters of Longslip Creek, north east facing tributaries draining towards Birchwood Road and upper ridge slopes backing onto Pavillion Peak support areas of high alpine Chionochloa macra and low alpine Chionochloa rigida tussockland-q of moderate to high naturalness.

In Longslip Creek tall tussockland-q grade into depleted montane short tussock grasslands, incorporating smaller areas of Dracophyllum pronum shrublands on shady southerly aspects, alpine flushes in the upper basin and mixed successional sequences of shrubland and mountain beech forest in the gully bottom. Chionochloa macra communities on upper slopes have been depleted by grazing with noticeable benching and tracking by stock. A sparse to moderate tussock cover has been retained (10 - 20%). There is a noticeable improvement in condition and cover of tussock on steep shady lower slopes of the upper basin where Chionochloa rigida dominates.

The mid - lower gully sideslopes support the largest mountain beech forest remnants on the property. These are regenerating and often linked by scattered mixed shrublands in the creekbed, stable talus slopes and gully sides.

South facing slopes in the upper headbasins of the Birchwood Road tributaries retain Chionochloa macra tussockland-q with good levels of cover (30 - 40%) in association with Dracophyllum pronum on colluvial slopes, stable block fields and rock outcrops. These areas are generally in good condition although stature and density of Chionochloa macra has been depleted by grazing. Intertussock gaps are characterised by high levels of litter and low levels of bare soil as a proportion of total ground cover.

Communities are more depleted on sunny slopes where Chionochloa macra is sparse or absent, being replaced at higher altitudes with scattered Chionochloa rigida and false Spaniard dominate the in intertussock gaps. At lower altitude, cover is dominated by severely depleted Chionochloa rigida/hard tussock grassland and hard tussock/exotic grassland with noticeable stepping and slopewash erosion.

Of note in these head basins is the diversity of Schoenus flush, Oreabolus bog and mixed turf communities associated with seeps and margins of the three large tarns present in the southern catchment.

Chionochloa macra tussockland communities on the upper slopes leading up to Pavillion Peak have been severely depleted by grazing with large intertussock gaps noticeable. Communities rapidly merge to short tussockland-q dominated by scattered Chionochloa rigida and Matthew's tussock. Intertussock vegetation is almost entirely indigenous with relatively low levels of bare soil and rock on more gently sloping shoulder slopes. Levels of bare soil and rock increase on steeper slopes with a corresponding increase in stepping and slopewash erosion.

Avon Burn Headwaters
East facing slopes of the upper Avon Burn catchment contain the largest and most continuous sequences of high alpine Chionochloa macra tussockland-q Dracophyllum pronum shrublands and low alpine Chionochloa rigida/[Chionochloa macra] tussockland-q in the Ahuriri block. Tussocklands in these headwater basins are generally in good condition with high levels of tussock cover throughout, although high altitude Chionochloa macra communities have been depleted by grazing. High alpine cushionfield communities are common in gently sloping basin heads and saddles along the western catchment boundary.

Low alpine Chionochloa rigida/[Chionochloa macra] tussockland-q are in good condition with dense Chionochloa rigida (40 - 60% cover) on shady or damp sites, stable block fields, shoulder slopes and rolling talus slumps. These communities are in particularly good condition in the mid to lower headbasin area. Intertussock gaps are vegetated or occupied by litter with little or no bare soil.

At lower altitudes low alpine Dracophyllum uniflorum/Chionochloa rigida mixed shrub-tussockland-q are common on steep, bluffy or south facing slopes. Vegetative cover is good with dense false Spaniard between tussock-q and Dracophyllum uniflorum on more shady slopes. On drier north facing slopes Chionochloa rigida is more scattered with golden speagrass among Mathew's tussock. Dracophyllum uniflorum is strongly associated with rock outcrops. Bare ground and slopewash erosion are minimal.

Sub alpine Chionochloa rigida/hard tussock/exotic grassland common on footslopes. Above around 1200m these communities are of moderate to high naturalness, below this level there is a marked increase in the frequency and cover of exotic grasses where OSTD has taken place. Surprisingly, indigenous intertussock species diversity remains high even in the lower altitude portions of catchments. Hieracium is commonly present but does not contribute significantly to overall cover except at low altitudes in small isolated patches associated with soil disturbance and stock tracks.

A good diversity of high alpine flush and snowbank communities are present throughout upper headbasin areas and high alpine scree becomes common in headwaters to the south of the block.

Other Features

Marsippospermum gracile, recorded at only one site in the McKenzie Ecological Region during PNA survey, is present in headbasin Chionochloa macra snowbank communities (GR G39 365 387).
Manuka forest was not recorded in the Ahuriri Ecological District during PNA survey and is uncommon in the Ecological region. A single, modified but regenerating remnant is located on lower footslopes of this block.
Ahuriri RAP 9: This area was identified as an RAP (Recommended Areas for Protection, Mackenzie Ecological Region PNA Report 1984) being an example of south facing Dracophyllum uniflorum shrubland supporting a high diversity of species.
Ahuriri RAP 10: This area was identified as an RAP (Recommended Areas for Protection, Mackenzie Ecological Region PNA Report 1984) being a typical example of mountain ribbonwood forest and matagouri shrubland within the ecological district. The boundaries of this RAP have been modified as a result of the tenure review survey as the original RAP did not include the best area of ribbonwood
Scattered stands of thin barked totara are located on south facing slopes in the lower Longslip Creek catchment. The main stand, scattered fragments and individual trees occupy the SW facing slopes, extending up SE faces of the adjacent gully. Several minor remnants area also located on lower faces adjoining the State Highway.

Specific Communities
A brief description of community composition is provided for the most common communities below.

Hard Tussock and Exotic Grassland
Exotic grasslands and depleted short tussock grasslands are the predominant vegetative cover below approximately 900m in altitude throughout the property. Apart from some minor areas of cultivation and improved pasture, these sites support modified short tussock grasslands which show signs of extensive aerial oversowing and topdressing. Browntop and sweet vernal tend to dominate the cover, often in association with a range of indigenous herbs and small woody plants. On moister, deeper soils of uncultivated alluvial terraces, browntop forms thick swards in association with Yorkshire fog, sweet vernal and white clover. Silver tussock may be locally common. In areas of poor drainage, Carex coriacea, Juncus effusus, Juncus articulatus and Schoenus pauciflorus are typically common.

Steeper slopes support scattered hard tussock where typically sweet vernal, browntop and white clover dominate intertussock cover with blue tussock (Poa colensoi), Raoulia subsericea, Leucopogon colensoi, and Rytidosperma setifolia being common. Also present are golden speargrass, Celmisia gracilenta, harebell Acaena caesiglauca, everlasting daisy, Leucopogon fraseri, Bulbinella angustifolia, Pimelia prostrata, sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), and Ranunculus multiscapus Mouse eared hawkweed is a common component but rarely dominates cover.

Mixed Chionochloa rigida - Hard Tussock Tussocklands
Chionochloa rigida tussock grasslands generally become established at altitudes above 900m. Between approx. 900 and 1100m these communities are often depleted by burning, grazing and OSTD. Tussock grasslands are particularly depleted on dry, sunny faces where tussock cover is sparse, bare soil comprises a significant portion of ground cover in intertussock gaps and evidence of sheet erosion and benching on steeper slopes is common. On north facing hillslopes on the eastern edge of the property tussock cover is scattered. Chionochloa rigida is often co-dominant with hard tussock. Exotic grasses, especially sweet vernal and white clover often dominate vegetative cover in intertussock gaps and levels of bare soil and rubble as ground cover are significant. Mouse eared hawkweed and cats ear (Hypochoeris radicata) are locally common.

On steeper south facing slopes Chionochloa rigida often becomes the dominant tussock (typically 20-30% cover). Percentage of tussock cover and condition is often variable depending upon stock management and extent of OSTD. In comparison to sunny faces, exotic species contribute less to foliar cover, hard tussock is less abundant or absent and Dracophyllum uniflorum may provide a scattered shrub cover. Mouse eared hawkweed and catsear are uncommon or absent. Commonly occurring indigenous species include Dracophyllum uniflorum, false Spaniard, (Celmisia Iyalli), golden speargrass, Gaultheria novae zelandiea, Raoulia subsericea, Lycopodium fasiculatum, Leucopogon colensoi, and blue tussock.

Chionochloa rigida Tall Tussockland
Tall tussock grasslands dominated by Chionochloa rigida are common between 110 and 1400 altitude with a zone of mixing and probable hybridisation between Chionochloa rigida and Chionochloa macra occurring around 1300 - 1400m, especially on south facing slopes where Chionochloa macra may extend down to lower altitude.

These communities are usually in best condition on more shaded, colluvial slopes however typically Chionochloa rigida has a low level of cover (6-25%) with intertussock spaces filled predominantly by falsespaniard. Other species commonly present include Celmisia haastii, blue tussock, club moss (Lycopodium australianum), Pimelia traversii, Dracophyllum pronum, Rytidosperma pumila, sheep sorrel, Raoulia grandiflora, Raoulia subsericea, Gaultheria novae zelandiae, Gaultheria depressa, Mathew's tussock, euphrasia zelandica, Drapetes dieffenbachii, Leucopogon fraseri, Leucopogon colensoi, golden speargrass and harebell.

Mixed Dracophyllum pronum - shrub/herbfields
These communities are particularly common on the mountain slopes adjoining Timaru River and headwaters of the Avon Bum. At lower altitudes Dracophyllum pronum forms low shrublands on the edges of scree and fine talus slopes. In headwater basins of the Avon Burn Dracophyllum pronum, Chionochloa rigida and blue tussock dominate the canopy over a herbaceous ground cover of predominantly false Spaniard (26-50%). In the headwaters of the Lindis River Dracophyllum pronum cover may exceed 50% associated with talus slope margins.

At higher altitudes rock outcrops and steep, rubble covered colluvial slopes are often carpeted in Dracophyllum pronum shrublands. Additional shrub plants which may be present include Hebe pinguifolia, Hebe hector), Hebe buchananii and Pimelia oreophila A number of species typical of snowbanks and cushion field are also commonly present.

Chionochloa macra tussockland above 1400m tall tussock grasslands are dominated by Chionochloa macra Most of these communities on the property have been modified by grazing, resulting in depleted tussock cover.

Chionochloa macra tussockland-q in best condition occur in basins at high altitudes. Chionochloa macra may be dense (>50% cover) but is more often associated with false Spaniard and Dracophyllum pronum occupying intertussock gaps or grading into alpine snowbank and fellfield communities. Celmisia haastii may be abundant on damp slopes and other commonly occurring species include blue tussock, Raoulia grandiflora, Lycopodium fasiculatum, Anisotome flexuosa, Rytidosperma pumila, Luzula rufa, Mathew's tussock, Gaultheria depressa, Celmisia viscosa, Epilobium alsinoides ssp. artiplicifolium.

High Alpine Boa/Flush
Schoenus flush - In upper head basins Schoenus flushes are common. Often associated with Chionochloa macra tussockland-q they occur on seeps in concave colluvial slopes. Floristic composition and abundance of species varies considerably from site to site. Schoenus pauciflorus may either dominate cover (up to 70-80% cover), be co-dominant with Chionochloa rigida tussock-q clumped on drier hummocks, or in more boggy areas can be a minor component with moss dominating total cover.

Oreobolous Bog - These communities often occur in shallow depressions or around the margins of larger tarns. Oreobolus pectinatus dominates cover, often forming thick cushions. Floristic composition and abundance of species varies considerably from site to site and within bogs relating to depth and degree of wetness.

Mixed Bog - Other alpine wetlands have a mixed composition. In a headbasin of the upper Avon Burn Schoenus pauciflorus fringes edges of a mosaic of species amongst several small Oreobolus pectinatus cushions.

Alpine Cushionfield/Scree
Snowbank/Fellfield - High alpine cushion communities occur on upper slopes and saddles of the western ranges on the property. Floristic composition is variable although cushions of Phyllachne colensoi, Colobanthus strictus, Raoulia grandiflora, Raoulia hector), Ourisia glandulosa, Dracophyllum muscoides and Chionahebe pulvinaris are common.

Scree - Extensive alpine scree on the property is associated with upper slopes of the western ranges adjoining Timaru River. Vegetation in these areas is generally sparse, with a low diversity of species typical of these communities. Species noted include Koeleria spp., Colobanthus buchananii, Epilobium spp and Leptinella pectinata ssp. villosa On finer, or more stable material near ridge crests and shoulders, scree communities merge into high alpine fellfield and snowbank with an associated increase in vegetative cover and species diversity.

2.4 Fauna

The forest remnants, shrublands, tussock grasslands and riparian areas host 36 bird species, thirteen N.Z. endemic species, eight native species and fifteen introduced species. The broad vegetation communities described in section 2.3 reflect the distribution of fauna that has been noted on Longslip.

The high alpine shrubland and tussock grasslands host the New Zealand falcon along with the pipit. The shrubland and forest remnants hosts key endemic species such as rifleman, grey warbler, tomtit and fantail. The riparian areas adjoining the Ahuriri river and Avon Burn host the following key endemic species, black fronted tern, black stilt, pied stilt, banded dotterel and black billed gull. A variety of other species have been recorded on the flats, along with the White Heron that was sighted in January 1988.

Recorded indigenous fish on Longslip was confined to two species, the Koarao (Galaxias brevipinnis) and the upland bully (Gobiomorphus breviceps). The Koaro is rated "c" for conservation and was found only in the Avon Bum. Brown trout were recorded in the Avon Burn, Ahuriri River and Longslip Creek.

The invertebrate fauna on Longslip is closely linked with the existing vegetation communities. Five endemic butterflies were recorded, along with two species of short-horned grasshopper and one species of long-horned grasshopper. Other invertebrate fauna such as dragonflies and spider occur throughout the station.

Three endemic reptiles have been recorded, and are common throughout the majority of the property. McCanns skink and common gecko are scattered while the spotted skink was plentiful in the upper screes and stony areas.

Animal pests are confined to rabbits and pigs at the lower altitudes. While the occasional deer, chamois and thar have been noted on the property.

2.5 Historic

Longslip was originally taken up in 1858 by Robert McMurdo as Run 233. The original homestead was near the present day homestead, but was burnt down in the 1860s. Over the next few years Longslip was extended into the upper Ahuriri and through to Lake Hawea. In total the property covered some 105,080 acres. This area was short lived, as parts were split off to Birchwood, Benmore and Morven Hills. Rabbits became a problem in the 1880s and in 1895 all of Longslip's stock were sold and the property was abandoned because of rabbits. The Crown auctioned the lease, but it was surrendered shortly after. In 1897 Longslip was divided into three parts, Lake Hawea block, Longslip and Ben Avon. Since 1897 the property has had a succession of different lessees.

2.6 RECREATION

2.6.1 Physical Characteristics

Longslip is relatively unknown, being situated at the entrance to the Ahuriri Valley, its steep mountains and valleys are ignored. Part of the Lindis Pass highway passes along the front 5km of the property, while the Birchwood road traverses the Ahuriri alluvial terraces for some 11 kms. The catchment of the Avon Burns and the mountains beyond area relatively accessible, while Timaru Creek and the headwaters of the Lindis River are more isolated.

2.6.2 Public Access

The Birchwood Road and Lindis Pass (SH8) are legal roads that pass alongside the property. There are no legal access points into the property via paper roads or marginal strips. The Ahuriri River is currently the only river or stream with a marginal strip laid off along its margins. Currently, no other streams have marginal strips laid off. If tenure review proceeds on Longslip, any stream over 3m will have a marginal strip laid off automatically.

2.6.3 Activities

While travelers on the Birchwood road and SH8 glimpse Longslip Station the majority of the steep mountainous country is not seen or used Few recreationists use Longslip Station despite the whole property being relatively accessible. Farm tracks along the ridge crests up the valleys into the Lindis and Timaru Creek have the potential to provide a variety of recreational experiences. Access for tramping and hunting through into Timaru Creek is possible and is in fact easier than the track up Timaru Creek from Lake Hawea. Round trips for tramping, horse riding and mountainbiking are also possible. The views are spectacular and the routes are interesting. The higher mountains and basins are focal points for interesting rock scrambles or climbs. Some 4WD activity also occurs on the station but often tracks are impassable due to rock falls or climatic conditions. All the farm tracks can only be utilised if permission is obtained from the Lessee of Longslip Station.

PART B THREE: CONSULTATION AND DISTRICT PLAN

3.1 Consultation

An NGO meeting was held in Oamaru on 27 April 1995. At this meeting, the following issues were raised:

Access through into the Dingleburn area
Marginal strips should be laid off
Ahuriri River important for rafting, canoeing or angling Western portion of property had important ecological values
That despite the perceived degradation of lower country, important values still remain
That Dingleburn UCL should be allocated to DOC
70% of the property is class 7 and 8 country and should be retired
The Fish and Game Council have provided written comment on the property. They noted many of the above points but also highlighted that the Avon Burn and Longslip Creeks are important spawning streams and that the Ahuriri is of national importance.

3.2 District Plan Provisions

The majority of Longslip Station lies in the Waitaki District. The proposed Waitaki District Plan has been notified. The public submission phase has passed and the submissions are being collated and analysed. Part of the property is also within the Central Otago District.

Longslip is zoned 'rural' and is subject to a number of rules. The main rules applying to Longslip affect land over 900m and in, or within 20m of any stream, river, lake or wetland. The activities that cannot be undertaken within this area without applying for a Resource Consent for a discretionary activity are;

i) buildings

ii) earthworks

iii) indigenous vegetation clearance

iv) exotic tree planting

All earthworks exceeding 100m3 on slopes greater than 20 degrees are a controlled activity. In addition no vegetation above 3m in height can be cleared without a resource consent.

Resource Consents are also required for any activity over land that has been identified in the District Plan as having significant conservation value, except at this point no areas of significant conservation value have been identified on any planning map despite the Department of Conservation seeking inclusion of the RAPs on Longslip in the District Plan. The notified District Plan does not identify any landscape values on Longslip.

PART FOUR: RECOMMENDATIONS AND JUSTIFICATIONS

4.1 The areas described in the proposals which follow have high inherent values which, in the Department of Conservation's opinion should be taken into account in the tenure review discussions, along with public access requirements.

The significant ecological values on Longslip are the ecological values of the forest remnants, shrublands and tussock grasslands, along with the riparian margins of the major rivers and creeks. The property could also provide recreation opportunities and through routes into adjoining lands.

4.2 AREAS TO BE FULLY RESTORED TO THE CROWN

4.2.1 Timaru Creek Catchment/Longslip Mt Complex

Recommendation: That an area of some 6977 ha be transferred to the Department of Conservation to be managed as conservation land. This area would be fenced and destocked.

Description: This area broadly encompasses all of the diverse communities in the upper Lindis and Timaru Creek catchment, along with the majority of the upper Avon Burn catchment above 1 200m. This are includes the main range of the property extending from Dromedary Hill through to Pavilion Peak. The majority of the values are on south facing slopes and catchments along this ridge system.

Justification: This extensive area would protect the following high inherent values.

Areas of tall tussock grassland/shrubland and forest remnants that collectively contribute to a spectacular landscape.
Distinctive land form of steep mountainous country that contrasts with the more rounded landscape of the Lindis Pass area.
Distinctive colour and texture of natural landscape.
Area has high ecological diversity across a range of altitudinal sequences and changes in aspect.
Snow bank, fell fields, flushes, and Chionochloa macra in Avon Burn compliment extensive alpine screes of we stern area in Timaru creek.
Area has a high degree of naturalness with few introduced species.
Extensive slopes of slim-leaved snow tussock above 1400m.
Extensive slopes of narrow-leaved snow tussock above 1200m.
Shrublands of Brachyglottis cassinioides/Dracophyllum is largest remnant on property and has a diverse range of associated species.
Mountain beech remnants occur in some gullies and is relatively extensive in part of Longslip Creek.
Extensive areas of Dracophyllum pronum shrublands on stable talus slopes and colluvial slopes. The species diversity of other plants associated with this habitat is generally high.
Manuka forest in the Avon Bum was not recorded during the PNA survey and uncommon in the Mackenzie E.R.
Area provides opportunities to extend recreational activities in the area. Tramping, mountain biking and horse riding could occur along several of the 4WD tracks that would be incorporated into this proposed area.
Area could provide link with UCL beyond in Timaru Creek and the Dingleburn.

The communities present on the property and identified as having high inherent value represent a transition zone between the wetter, higher and steeper mountains to the north west and the drier moraine and outwash terraces of the mackenzie Basin. This transitional diversity is reflected in the convergence of the three different ecological regions. Protecting the communities across this transition zone will make a significant contribution to protection the ecological gradients and vegetation patterns associated with the ecological regions and districts. All these interlinking habitats and communities will also protect a range of other species, many which have not been surveyed or are largely unknown. This large contiguous area will form a large viable unit which could, in time, be linked to other proposed conservation lands, which could become available through the tenure review process.

Management and Boundary Issues
This proposal, if implemented would ensure the long term viability of the existing communities and species and would allow existing communities to expand and be enhanced. De-stocking is essential to achieve the main conservation objective, while the recommendations follow natural practical lines, and in some instances existing fencing, new fencing will be required in places to achieve full ecological protection. If the total perimeter was fenced (except Timaru Creek) some 30km of fencing will require maintainance.

While this proposal incorporates a large percentage of the class 7 and 8 lands,, it does exclude some of this class of land along the northern slopes of Dromedary/Pavilion Peak Range. This is largely because the warmer sunnier slops have low conservation values and have not been identified for protection. There are no existing fence lines of lower altitudes and in order to achieve full protection new fences will need to be erected at lower altitudes where maintenance is more achievable.

The property is notable for the apparent absence of gorse, broom and wilding pines. Sweet brier is common on the lower, eastern, sunny aspects of the property. Hieracium is widespread but does not generally dominate vegetation cover. The sunnier eastern part of the property had higher levels of Hieracium pilosella and H. praealtum, while H. Iepidulum was very localised. It is not considered that Hieracium will affect the conservation values, especially if the area is destocked.

This proposal raises boundary issues with neighbouring lands. To the south of Dromedary Hill this area joins with Dalrachney and may provide a contiguous link of conservation lands through to the Lindis Pass. As Tenure Review on Dalrachney is only in the early stages of negotiation, there is no certainty about any outcome and possible linkages. The western area is bounded by Forest Range and the Dingleburn UCL. It is desirable for the Dingleburn to be allocated to DOC to ensure those linkages are in place. Extension onto Forest Range may be possible into the future but that PL is not in the Tenure Review process yet.

If this proposal is successful, several high altitude 4WD tracks will be incorporated within the conservation lands. Maintaining these tracks will no longer be necessary or in fact affordable. However, these tracks will provide excellent recreation opportunities over the majority of their length and will be usable for years to come.

Wild animal numbers are generally low, chamois, deer and thar may provide some recreational opportunities. The main interest for hunting may be improved access into the more remote catchment of Timaru Creek.

4.2.2 Longslip Creek

Recommendation: That an area of some 150ha be transferred to the Department of Conservation to be managed as conservation land. This area will be fenced and destocked.

Description: A small subsidiary catchment of Longslip Creek contains scattered stands of regenerating Halls totara intermixed with toe toe.

Justification: This small area would protect a remnant of a formerly more widespread community type that is now very scattered and depleted within the E.R. The protection of any remaining remnant is necessary to adequately represent the original range and diversity of this community.

Management and Boundary Issues
While this Halls totara is scattered, it is the largest remnant on the property and protection of the area by fencing the catchment on practical lines would allow expansion to an ecologically viable size at some point in the future. A 4WD run through the proposed area could be a nuisance for farm vehicles. However, an easement could be created through the area for vehicles and stock could be moved around the perimeter. There are however, other access tracks on the hill.

4.3 AREAS TO BE COVENANTED

4.3.1 Ben Avon Ahuriri RAP 9

That an area of 50 ha. be protected by a Conservation Covenant under the 1977 Reserves Act.

Description: This area includes a small south facing steep bluff at the confluence of the true right and left branch of the Avon Burn.

Justification: A Conservation Covenant would protect the following high inherent values.

Area was identified as an RAP during the 1984 PNAP survey.
Best example of Dracophyllum uniflorum shrubland on the property. . Area has a high shrubland species diversity.
Highly varible vegetation pattern.
Shrubland hosts a number of faunal species.

Management and boundary issues. The physical setting has ensuered that this shrubland has survived the ravages of burning and grazing. The fringes of the area are vunerable to stock trespass and burning. If the latter is prevented, regeneration will occur and over time the uter fringes and upper hillslope will not be penetrable to stock. It is not considered necessary to fence the area.

4.3.2 Avon Burn Ahuriri RAP 10

That an area of 210 ha. be protected by a Conservation Covenant under the 1977 Reserves Act.

Description: This a small catchment north of Pavillion Peak.

Justification: A Conservation Covenant would protect a typical example of Mountain Ribbonwood forest and Matagouri shrubland that was identified as an RAP during the 1984 PNAP survey. The ribbonwood is restricted to the riparian margins with shrublands and snow totara adjoining.

This catchment also includes a variety of plant communities, although snow tussock is somewhat depleted. Protection would also provide protection for a number of Faunal species

Management and Boundary Issues
The entire catchment could be fenced to exclude stock or it could be incorporated into the larger proposed Conservation Land. Negotiations for protection will ultimately dictate the protection this area will receive.

4.4 Access Arrangements

4.4.1 Access to the proposed conservation land will be required. Legal, as of right, all year round, foot, mountainbike and horse access is sought over the following access easements.

i) Avon burn farm track up both the true left and right branches to the proposed conservation land. The easement up the right branch will continue over the saddle at the head of the Lindis and follow the track to the Dalrachney boundary.

ii) Longslip Creek. This would follow the farm track near the Dalrachney/Longslip boundary fence. This easement will provide a link to the Dromedary tops.

The above two easements over existing farm tracks will provide, as of right, all year round access from existing legal road. These easements will enable round trips to be undertaken and provide linkages into present and future conservation lands.

Access would enable a diverse range of activities to be enjoyed and provide opportunities for increased public enjoyment of a unique part of Canterbury and Otago.

It is envisaged that this easement also be available for DOC management purposes. While public vehicle use can result in a deterioration of farm tracks, it is considered desirable for DOC to at least be able to utilise these access routes. Any public vehicle use of farm tracks will remain at the sole discretion of the land holder.

Legal Status: It is proposed that these easements be established under Section 7(2) Conservation Act (1987).

Management Considerations: These are generic with all easements:

Low level development, marking and styles
Ensuring basic safety information is described . Protecting tracks from illegal 4WD use
Some level of contribution may be required for periodic DOC vehicle use.
Ensuring that as other adjoining properties enter the Tenure Review process, easements are monitored and linked.

4.4.2 Marginal strips will be automatically laid off any stream over 3m if this proposal proceeds. It is however, desirable for the Avon Burn to have an extended marginal strip laid off along its length. In some places the 4WD track (proposed easement) would become the boundary. This would protect the shrubland vegetation that already exists there, provide access to the Avon Burn, as well as protecting the Koarao and nesting birds.

4.5 OTHER MATTERS

4.5.1 The matters raised by the NGOs are largely taken into account by the DOC proposal.

As a generic issue, all the Class VII and VIII land should pass to DOC. This proposal incorporates the majority of the Class VII and VII land, but where it does not, it is primarily because the high inherent values are lacking. Or existing fences can be utilised rather than erect new fences.

4.5.2 As noted in section 2.3, weeds in Longslip creek are a source of infestation for the Ahuriri River, which is an important braided bird habitat. Currently, $100,000 is spent on weed control in the Ahuriri as part of Project River Recovery. It is pointless to continue this work if reinfestation continues from other sources.

As part of this process it is desirable that any weed source in Longslip Creek be removed. The priorities are:

i) Any gorse, broom or tree lupin that currently exists must be eradicated.

ii) Prevent further spread of Russell lupin and reduce the seed supply.

iii) Control crack willow to reduce the supply of twigs to the Ahuriri River

iv) Establish a long-term monitoring/control programme between DOC and the landholder to ensure that existing, and new weeds are controlled.

Knight Frank, as agents for the Commissioner of Crown Lands, are requested to assess the appropriateness of the lessee undertaking this work in exchange for a reduction in the purchase price for freeholding, and that as part of this Tenure Review process a management arrangement be set up between the landholder and DOC that allows for continued monitoring and control of present and future weeds.

4.5.3 This Tenure Review proposal results in Longslip being split in two. A small area of freehold in the Lindis Creek catchment will be isolated from the rest of the property. An easement through the proposed conservation land will be required for farming purposes. This area of freehold could possibly be considered for incorporation into the adjoining property if negotiations are successful and the lessee is interested in selling the area.

4.5.4 Ahuriri River. While a marginal strips exists along the river, one extended protection zone is sought. the Ahuriri is very important for black stilt, wrybill and black-fronted tern. control over this area is sought for Project River Recovery work. This would allow wetland development and habitat manipulation close to an important river and the site has easy road access. Grazing is essential for weed and grass control from February to August. Weed and pest control is also essential within the area and close to adjoining land lower down the valley. The actual mechanism to ensure this work can occur could be as a Conservation Covenant or a management agreement.

P ART 4 (FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY) RECOMMENDATIONS AND JUSTIFICATION (LONGSLIP)

4.1 RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1.1 That the proposals described below be submitted to the CCL's Agent, during the consultation process on the preliminary proposal for this tenure review, as representing the views developed under delegated authority from the DirectorGeneral of Conservation.

[Note that additional proposals, developed after the initial report is written, may also be put forward at the consultation stage.]

4.1.2 Note that statutory consents will be required before the CCL can include (in the preliminary proposal for this tenure review) the designations set out in paragraphs: 4.2.2, 4.2.5, 4.2.6 below.

4.1.3 Note that any disposition of land by the Crown will be subject to the relevant provisions of Part IVA Conservation Act.

4.2 PROPOSALS AND JUSTIFICATION

4.2.1 Land to be Restored to or Retained in Full Crown Ownership and Control
Not applicable

4.2.2 Land to be Restored to or Retained in Crown Control (Qualified Designation)

4.2.2.1 Timaru Creek/Longslip Mountain Ranges

Existing status: Pastoral Lease

Authority: s.35 (2)(b)(i) and s.36 (3)(b) CPLA

Proposal: That an area of approximately 6980 hectares be designated as a Conservation Area to be managed by the Department of Conservation subject to the creation of an easement in favour of adjacent land.

Description: This recommended area covers the upper Lindis River and Timaru Creek catchments, and the majority of the upper Avon Burn above about 1200m, including the main range associated with Mts Melina and Martha as well as the southern facing slopes of Pavilion Peak and Dromedary Hill. The access easement to be provided to the adjoining owner runs along the 4 w.d. track between the Avon Burn and the Lindis River (marked as E3 on the attached map).

Justification: The land is characterised by the following significant inherent values:

1. Areas which meet PNA criteria:

A high degree of naturalness. This area, but particularly the alpine communities, has very few introduced species and generally good vegetation cover.
High degree of natural diversity. Within this recommended area are a diverse range of indigenous species and vegetation communities reflecting the differences in aspect, altitude, drainage, and snow accumulation that are represented in this area.
Remnants of beech forest which are representative of the former forest cover.
Extensive tall tussockland-q, relatively intact, with a variety of intertussock species.

2. Very high natural landscape values:

The primary components of natural character of landform and vegetation are still intact. These characteristics include spectacular alpine scenery, with a rich mosaic of vegetation including alpine, sub-alpine, forest, shrubland. alpine wetlands and grassland.
Distinctive landforms of steep mountains with rocky outcrop and scree at high altitudes that contrasts with the more rounded Lindis Pass area.

3. Setting of high natural interest for outdoor recreation including walking, mountain biking and horse-riding providing a variety of scenery, terrain and access links.

4. An easement in favour of the adjacent land is necessary as the 4 w.d. track is an important link for stock and vehicles between the headwaters of the Lindis River catchment and the Avon Burn, parts of the pastoral lease that it is proposed to dispose of to the lessee.

Management and boundary issues: Destocking of the proposed Conservation Area is essential to achieve conservation objectives. The boundaries, as recommended, mainly follow either natural boundaries or fenceline-q, but not always. New fenceline-q will therefore be necessary to keep the area stock proof, which may require some adjustment to the current recommended lines in order to be practical for fencing. It is estimated up to 5 kms of new fencing may be required. The level and costs of track maintenance and stock movement over the Conservation Area will need to be agreed upon and managed.

Type of qualification: Creation of an easement over Conservation Area in favour of adjacent land.

Attachment. Terms and conditions

4.2.2.2 Ahuriri River terraces

Existing status: Pastoral Lease

Authority: s. 35 (2)(b)(i) and s. 36 (1)(c) CPLA

Proposal: That an area of approximately 164 hectares be designated as a Conservation Area to be managed by the Department of Conservation subject to a grazing permit.

Description: The lower river terraces and banks of the true right of the Ahuriri River between the Avon Burn and the Longslip/Ben Avon boundary.

Justification: The land is characterised by the following significant inherent values:

Key breeding and feeding site of the threatened black stilt, black fronted tern and other wading birds.
Provision of recreation access along the banks of the Ahuriri River.

Management and boundary issues: Control over the area would allow wetland development and habitat manipulation with easy road access. Grazing of this area is required for weed and grass control from February to August. The grazing can be formalised by way of a 5 year grazing permit. This will allow sheep grazing in conjunction with management requirements. No cattle should be grazed during the bird breeding season (between I September and I February). Fencing will be required, which will mean shifting (x) km of fence and building an additional (x) km of fence.

Type of qualification: The granting of a grazing permit to the adjoining land. Attachment: Terms and conditions

4.2.2.3 Avon Burn riparian vegetation

Existing status: Pastoral Lease

Authority: s.35(2)(b) (i) and s. 36 (3)(b) CPLA

Proposal: That an area of approximately 80 hectares be designated as a Conservation Area to be managed by the Department of Conservation subject to an easement in favour of adjacent land (E7).

Description: Riparian vegetation adjacent to the Avon Burn and a small south facing bluff at the confluence of two branches of the Avon Burn identified in the Mackenzie PNA survey as Ahuriri 9.

Justification: The land is characterised by the following significant inherent values:

Key breeding and feeding sites for pied oyster catcher and banded dotterel, a category C threatened species, as well as
riparian shrublands which provide habitat for forest and shrubland birds and vegetation cover for the native fish koaro, a category C threatened species.
In addition, at the far north-western end of this recommended area the mixed shrubland contains the best example of turpentine scrub (Dracophyllum uniflorum) on the property as well as a very high diversity of other shrubland species.

Access for the adjacent landowner over the proposed Conservation Area is necessary as the 4 w.d. track is an important link to gain access for stock and vehicles to the headwaters of the Avon Burn, a part of the pastoral lease that it is proposed to dispose of to the lessee.

Management and boundary issues: No fencing is proposed, but protection from fire is very important to maintain the shrublands. The level and costs of ongoing maintenance of the track and stock movement over the Conservation Area will need to be agreed upon and managed.

Type of qualification: Creation of an easement over Conservation Area in favour of adjacent land.

Attachment: Terms and conditions

4.2.2.4 Longslip Creek

Existing status: Pastoral Lease

Authority: s.35(2)(b)(i) and s. 36 (3)(b) CPLA

Proposal: That an area of approximately 150 hectares be designated as a Conservation Area to be managed by the Department of Conservation subject to an easement in favour of adjacent land.

Description: A small tributary catchment of Longslip Creek in the southern part of the lease containing remnant stands of regenerating Halls Totara and mountain celery pine (toe toe).

Justification: The land is characterised by the following significant inherent values:

Important representative of a once more widespread vegetation type which is now very much reduced in extent in the ecological district.
Largest remnant of Hall's totara on the property with a diversity of other species end some regeneration.

Management and boundary issues: The area requires protection from fire and grazing. Approximately 3.5 km of fencing would be required to make this piece stock proof. As two main parties will be using the track - the underlying owner of the land and DOC, the level and costs of future track maintenance will need to be agreed on and managed.

Type of qualification: Creation of an easement over Conservation Area in favour of the adjoining owner.

Attachment: Terms and conditions.

4.2.3 Existing Reserve

Not applicable

4.2.4 Existing Conservation Area

Not applicable

4.2.5 Land Being Disposed of Subject to a Protective Mechanism

4.2.5.1 Avon Burn access easement (E1)

Existing status: Pastoral lease

Authority: s.40 (1) (c) CPLA

Proposal: That an area of approximately 15 ha be designated as land that may be disposed of subject to the creation of an easement for public access.

Description: From the Birchwood Road at the far north-eastern extent of the pastoral lease traveling south alongside the fenceline. across the Avon Burn and then upstream along the 4 w.d. track on the true right of the river to a split into two further sections: section (1) follows the 4 w.d. track to the northern headwaters, and (2) the southern headwaters with branch lines to the proposed Conservation Area in two places (see map).

Justification: To provide public access for foot, horses and non-motorised bikes to the proposed Conservation Area as of right all year round.

Management and boundary issues:. The easement w-ill require sign-posting, and maintenance in conjunction with the owner of the land who will be using the track for 4 w.d. vehicles. As two main parties will be using the track - the underlying owner of the land and DOC, the level and costs of future track maintenance will need to be agreed on and managed.

Type of protective mechanism: An easement under s. 7 (2) Conservation Act for public access.

Attachment: Terms and condition*

4.2.5.2 Upper Lindis River public access easement (E4)

Existing status: Pastoral lease Authority: s.40 (1) (c) CPLA Proposal: That an area of approximately 4 hectares be designated as land that may be disposed of subject to the creation of an easement for public access.

Description: An access easement over the 4 w.d. track in the head of the Lindis River from the Yards and the Dalrachney boundary to the proposed Conservation Area near Pavillion Peak.

Justification. To provide for public access to the proposed Conservation Area as of right all year round.

Management and boundary issue*. As two main parties will be using the track - the underlying owner of the land and DOC, the level and costs of ongoing maintenance of the track will need to be agreed on and managed.

Type of protective mechanism. An easement under s. 7 (2) Conservation Act for public access (foot, bike and horse). Attachment: Terms and conditions

4.2.5.3 Longslip Creek public access easement (E5)

Existing status: Pastoral Lease Authority: s.40(1) (c) CPLA

Proposal: That an area of approximately 5 hectares be designated as land that may be disposed of subject to the creation of an easement for public access.

Description: Access route following farm tracks in Longslip Creek catchment close to the Dalrachney boundary.

Justification: To provide as of right public access from State Highway 8 to Dromedary Hill tops and the totara remnant (proposed Conservation Areas).

Management and Boundary issues: Signs and markers will need to be provided to mark access. As two main parties will be using the track - the underlying owner of the land and DOC, the level, and costs of track maintenance will need to be agreed on and managed.

Type of protective mechanism. An easement for public access under s. 7 (2) Conservation Act for walking, non-motorised vehicle/bike access and horses.

Attachment: Terms and conditions

4.2.5.4 Ahuriri River public access easement (E6)

Existing status: Pastoral lease

Authority. s. 40 (I)(c) CPLA

Proposal. That an area of approximately (5000 m2) be designated as land that may be disposed of subject to the creation of an easement for public access.

Description. A four wheel drive track from the Birchwood Road east to the Ahuriri River at the far southern extent of the pastoral lease.

Justification. To provide vehicle access for anglers to get to the Ahuriri River down Longslip Stream.

Management and boundary issues. Signs and markers will be needed to mark the access and maintenance of the track will need to be shared between DOC and the underlying owner of the land.

Type of protective mechanism: An easement for public access under s. 7 (2) Conservation Act.

Attachment: Terms and conditions

2.6 Other qualified designations

4.2.6.1 Avon Burn management access easement (E2, E1)

Existing status: Pastoral lease

Authority: s.36(3)(b) CPLA

Proposal: That the designation of land under s.35(3) CPLA, for disposal, an area of approximately 17 ha be subject to the creation of an easement to provide DOC with access for management purposes.

Description: From the Birchwood Road on the south (true right side) of the Avon Burn upstream along the 4 w.d. track on the true right of the river to a split into two further sections: (1) section follows the 4 w.d. track to the northern headwaters, and (2) to the southern headwaters with branch lines to the proposed Conservation Area in two places (see map) for E2 and E1.

Justification: DOC will require vehicle access for future maintenance fences, tracks and signs.

Management and Boundary issues: As two main parties will be using the track the underlying owner of the land and DOC, the level, and costs of track maintenance will need to be agreed on and managed.

Type of Qualification: Easement in favour of the adjacent land.

Attachment: Terms and conditions

4.2.6.2 Upper Lindis River management access easement (E4)

Existing status: Pastoral lease Authority: s.36 (3) (b) CPLA Proposal: That the designation of land under s.35(3)CPLA, for disposal, an area of approximately 4 hectares, be subject to the creation of an easement to provide DOC with access for management purposes.

Description: An access easement over the 4 w.d. track in the head of the Lindis River from the Yards and the Dalrachney boundary to the proposed Conservation Area near Pavillion Peak.

Justification: To provide the Department of Conservation with vehicle access to the proposed Conservation Area for the future maintenance of signs, tracks and fencing as well as pest control work.

Management and boundary issues: As the underlying owner of the land and DOC will be using the track - the level, and costs of track maintenance will need to be agreed on between the parties and managed.

Type of qualification Easement in favour of the adjacent land. Attachment: Terms and conditions

4.2.6.3 Longslip Creek management access easement (E5)

Existing status: Pastoral Lease Authority: s.36 (3) (b) CPLA

Proposal: That the designation of land under s.35(3) CPLA, for disposal, an area of approximately 5 hectares, be subject to the creation of an easement to provide DOC with access for management purposes.

Description: An access route following farm tracks in Longslip Creek catchment close to the Dalrachney boundary.

Justification: To allow the Department of Conservation vehicle access to Dromedary Hill tops and the totara remnant (proposed Conservation Areas) for future maintenance of signs, tracks, and fencing as well as plant and animal pest control.

Management and Boundary issues: As the underlying owner of the land and DOC will both be using the track - the level, and costs of track maintenance will need to be agreed on between the parties and managed.

Type of qualification: Easement in favour of the adjacent lard.

Attachment: Terms and conditions

PART 5

ATTACHMENTS

5.1. Additional Information

(i) Terms and conditions of qualified designations

(ii) Terms and conditions of protective mechanism

5.2. Illustrative Maps

5.2. 1 Topo/Cadastral

5.2.2 Values

5.2.3 Boundaries

Public Access New Zealand

8 August 2002

Commissioner of Crown Lands
C/- DTZ New Zealand Ltd
P O Box 27
Alexandra

Submission on Longslip Tenure Review Preliminary Proposal

PANZ wishes to make comment on the following aspects of the Preliminary Proposal -

We have just obtained the official analysis of public submissions on Glen Nevis, the first we have seen under the standards that are supposed to be in conformity with the Crown Pastoral Land Act (CPLA). The dismissal of public comment about fences (i.e. boundaries) because the word 'fence' does not appear in the objects of the CPLA is ludicrous, and ignores the Crown agents' pivotal role in defining fence lines (existing and new) as an integral part of the tenure review process. In fact, without definition of boundaries, which entail in most cases the determination of practical fence lines, tenure review could not proceed. We therefore submit that the following comments about Crown area boundary fence lines not be disallowed from consideration. Failure to reconsider decisions to date, on the above specious grounds, or because the content of submissions is not considered to be 'new information', would indicate that the 'Preliminary Proposals' are in effect 'Substantive Proposals', due to official unwillingness to reconsider the validity of decisions already made. This would be in breach of the CCL's legal duty under common law to exhibit an open mind and a willingness to reconsider PROPOSALS when inviting public consultation. If current procedures continue, this would indicate that calling public submissions is both a waste of time and a subversion of the scheme of the CPLA.

Back Block

We welcome this substantial area being publicly reserved. It is a great pity that the Crown, as lessor, allowed this mountain landscape to be defaced by the lessee's bulldozing of vehicle tracks over alpine crests in excess of 1700m asl into the upper Timaru River catchment. In the absence of another ice age, the scars will be there forever, whereas the intended intensification of pastoral use, being the purpose of this development, will have been extremely short and now about to be terminated.

We note that most of the proposed eastern boundary, in the headwaters of the Lindis River and Avon Burn, will be new fencing. This may be accompanied by bulldozed benches and vehicle tracking. Given the past failings of the CCL to prevent extensive earth disturbance, and that the CCL has a duty under the CPLA to enable the protection of the significant inherent values, including landscape values, we submit that new boundaries and fence lines only be adopted if these can be erected and maintained without mechanical earth disturbance. In particular there are two sections of new fencing proposed - at the north and south ends of the eastern boundary. If these routes are bulldozed, they would be needless eyesores, in particular the southern section (photos 1, 2), that would be widely visible in the upper Lindis catchment, and from the Dalrachney easement approach.

If the proposed new fence lines cannot be constructed without earth disturbance, then alternative alignments along the toe of the valley wall should be used.

We note that the proposed boundary excludes the lower catchment of the east face of Mt Prospect, including Burnt Bush Hut. We submit that the boundary in this vicinity be amended as depicted on our photo 1, so as to provide suitable camping areas in this valley. A side easement also needs to be provided from the main Dalrachney - Ben Avon easement up the bank of this stream if a marginal strip is not provided. Whilst three side easements are proposed to the eastern boundary of the Back Block, there is no such provision to Mt Prospect up the southern boundary. As this route provides the main access to the upper Timaru River, there is a pressing need for formal public access. This locality is a full day's walk from the Lindis Pass and there also needs to be provision for suitable overnight camping areas. The officially proposed boundaries are all around faces or up spurs, with no obvious sheltered, level sites with access to water. The vicinity of Burnt Bush Hut would provide camping sites. Section 24(c) CPLA requires the securing of public access to and enjoyment of reviewable land. The absence of provision for suitable camping sites from land to be retained in Crown ownership, in a remote area, with no alternative provision, would be a failure to fulfil the second requirement of s24 (c).

Dromedary Block

In addition to the area now proposed for reservation around and north of Dromedary Hill, the DOC Conservation Resources Report recommended a linkage to the Back Block through Pavilion Peak. This consists mainly of south-facing slopes that are considerably less modified than their northern, sunny counterparts. DOC stated that these slopes contained "significant inherent values". The drafting instructions of 20 March 2000 for the Preliminary Proposal contained the same recommendations. Such a linkage, in addition to providing the best assurance of ecologically sustainable management, as required by section 24, would have provided continuous public access along the tops from Longslip Creek to the Dingle. This ridge is highly suitable for summer and winter tramping, also with potential for ski traverses.

Inexplicably, despite these values having not evaporated overnight, these slopes are now proposed for freeholding, with no assurance that the primary requirement under the CPLA of ecologically sustainable management being fulfilled. It is difficult to see how pastoral farming over steep, cold faces and screes up to 1600m asl. can continue without jeopardising ecologically sustainable management (photo 3). These slopes are all Land Use Capability Class VII, with severe limitations to pastoral production and exhibit moderate to severe sheet and scree erosion (note: these are categorisations of inherent values, being reflections of altitude, aspect, poor or non-existent soils - not to be dismissed from consideration because someone simplistically labels these as "soil and water matters" which are not expressly cited in section 24 CPLA).

All credible scientific evidence, as submitted for instance by Forest and Bird on the Glen Nevis tenure review, would strongly refute the wisdom of the current official proposals. A marked decline in stock units on Longslip since development peaked in 1986, indicates that pastoral use of much of this country is unsustainable.

What we submit is not "new information" but nevertheless demands reappraisal of this aspect of the Longslip Preliminary Proposal, notwithstanding arbitrary "standards" for assessing public submissions; standards we suggest that are contrary to the objects and purposes of the CPLA. It is the latter that the CCL must give primacy to in his decision-making.

In the absence of the public land linkage we recommend, there must be a public access linkage E-W along the Pavilion Peak ridge to connect onto the Lindis - Avon Burn easement. The summary of the Preliminary Proposal describes this as "a potential link". We don't want potential, we want reality. Now is the only time to negotiate for that reality. This would provide better recreational utalisation of the Dromedary block, round trips north or south, and connection to the central Back Block at Mt Melina. Our proposals are consistent with section 24 (c) "the securing of public access to and enjoyment of reviewable land" subject to ecologically sustainable management s. 24 (a), whereas farming is not.

Halls totara area

We welcome the reservation of this area in Longslip Creek. We note the provision of a short side easement from the State Highway to Dromedary Hill easement. This is the only short walk provision in the Preliminary Proposals, and with signposting, could become popular.

Ahuriri River Conservation Area

There is already a fixed-position marginal strip along the banks of the Ahuriri, however additional reservation back to the toe of the terraces will provide more assured public access and recreational opportunities. This additional reservation should mean that, despite erosion of the river margins and strips, public access would be able to continue along the riverbank north of the Avon Burn confluence.

Rest area required

As submitted on the Dalrachney Preliminary Proposal, the existing roadside rest area near the Dalrachney homestead appears to part of Longslip Station. This is extremely popular and provides the only stopping area between Omarama and the Lindis Pass. It is essential that this be retained in public ownership. We recommend transferring it to Transit NZ and designating it road or recreation reserve.

Terms of public access easements

We welcome the provision for horse, as well as foot and cycle access and that access is to be "at any time".

Public notification required

We note mechanisms for resolving disputes between the Transferor and the Transferee, but there is no provision for public notification or objection to any changes to the terms of the easement. We welcome the easement being pursuant to section 7(2) Conservation Act, which should require section 49 public notice procedures if any disposition of the Crown's interest in the easement is proposed. However there is too much scope for official discretion as to whether or not a change that may be detrimental to public access is deemed to be a disposition. Given that "any member of the public" is included within the definition of 'Transferee", but excluded from any settlement of disputes, we think it only proper that there be an express requirement for s49 Conservation Act procedures whenever any change, or extinguishment, to the terms of public easements are proposed.

Exclusion of schedules

We note an express exclusion of the rights and powers contained in the Ninth Schedule of the Property Law Act, but not of those in section 126G which enable modification or extinguishment of easements through the Courts, without public process. We submit that application of section 126G of the Property Law Act be expressly excluded from the terms of the public access easement.

Temporary closures

We are concerned about the 'temporary suspension' provisions of the draft easement document. This states that -

"The Transferee may close all or part of the Easement Area and suspend public access to it under section 7 Conservation Act 1987 if reasons of public safety or emergency require closure, or otherwise in accordance with the provisions of section 13 of the Conservation Act 1987".

Section 7 Conservation Act is entitled 'land may be acquired and held for conservation purposes', and contains no powers of closure.

Section 13 Conservation Act only applies to conservation areas. The easement area will be private freehold. If there are genuine reasons for closure of the conservation area, that is where closures should apply. Notifying closure of the conservation area at the commencement of the easement is acceptable, however the easement itself cannot be closed under the Conservation Act.

There is no statutory authority cited for closure for public safety or emergency. Emergency powers should be exercised either by the Police or Rural Fire controlling authority for genuine emergencies only. In view of DOC's partiality towards tourism and other commercial interests at the expense of public recreation, we do not trust the department with powers of considerable discretion and vagueness such as "public safety". Such powers are contrary to public rights of access and recreation over conservation areas and could easily be subject to misuse. DOC's powers over Easement Areas should be no greater than over the land the easements are appurtenant to. If there are no express authorities under the Conservation Act for closure of conservation areas for "public safety" reasons, we submit that there should be no such provisions over this easement.

The Transferor's obligation to keep the easement area clear of obstructions should contain an express prohibition on locked gates which would prohibit horse passage.

Insecurity of public access

We note that in official papers supplied to us the lessee raised concerns about OSH and ACC liabilities in regard to easements over freehold. This is a generic issue that has not been dealt with in this or any other tenure review involving public access easements. The CCL's failure to deal with these issues potentially undermines all easement provisions arising from tenure review. There is no assurance, despite the express terms of these easements, that the public right to pass and repass at all times will prevail over land holder taking actions to remove liabilities that may arise from formally agreeing to members of the public on their freehold. The holder's only solution may be to bar public passage, notwithstanding the terms of this or other easements in favour of the public.

For this, and other well documented reasons of lack of security and uncertainty of public access, PANZ submits that public access provision, outside of areas returned to Crown ownership under DOC administration, be by dedication of public paths rather than the creation of public easements. Such paths would be public rather than private property, and unable to be deemed places of work or employment for the purposes of OSH or ACC.

Refer to the PANZ submission on Double Hill for detail as to requirements for dedication of public road/paths. Note that dedication can be for specified classes of user, e.g. foot, foot and cycle, foot and cycle and horse, or all of these and motor vehicles. There is no requirement to create roads or paths for vehicles. There is also no necessity for survey action, although as this was contemplated for the easements, it might as well be done for substitute "paths".

The insecurity of easements over freehold amount to a failure in "the securing of public access to and enjoyment of reviewable land" as required by section 24 (c) CPLA.

Marginal strips

We are most disappointed that yet again, marginal strips are officially off-limits during tenure review. This is a ludicrous situation that is unsustainable. The official information supplied to us records past failure to establish marginal strips on lease renewal, uncertainty as to what exists now, and what will be provided on disposition of this Crown land as freehold. How these matters are inseparable from tenure review is indicated by the assurance (which technically the CCL has prohibited his agents from giving) that "public access [to the Ahuriri River] will be available via a marginal strip on [along the banks of] Longslip Creek" (Summary of Preliminary Proposal, pg. 6). This was necessary explanation for the lack of public provision on the nearby DOC management easement m-n. If such a strip were not created it would be necessary to also provide for public access over m-n. Given past official failings in regard to marginal strips, there is no assurance that this, and other strips, will be created as a consequence of tenure review.

We would like assurance that marginal strips, 20 metres wide, will be provided along the Avon Burn, Longslip Creek, and the Lindis River and information as to the extent of anticipated coverage.

We would also like existing s24 (3) marginal strips along the Ahuriri River exchanged for movable strips as part of this tenure review, in the manner outlined in our Ben Avon submission.

Yours faithfully

Bruce Mason
Researcher and Co-spokesman

Appendices: 3 colour photographs

The west face of Mt Prospect (Photo: Allan Evans)
This was within the adjoining Breast Hill pastoral lease. A boundary adjustment in 1988 added this area to Longslip Station.

Longslip pastoral lease

Summary of Preliminary Proposal (pdf 770k)

Public Access New Zealand, P.O.Box 17, Dunedin, New Zealand