This page modified 8 August 2002

South Island high country


Canterbury leases

Rhoboro Downs pastoral lease

Pt 093
Ben Ohau Range - Mackenzie Basin
Canterbury Land District
Tenure review not approved by Commissioner of Crown Lands

 

Back to ... Pt 093 Rhoboro Downs

 

SUMMARY OF THE PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL FOR TENURE REVIEW
OF
RHOBORO DOWNS PASTORAL LEASE
UNDER THE CROWN PASTORAL LAND ACT 1998

Submissions close 17 June 2002
Send to DTZ New Zealand, PO Box 564, Timaru
Phone 03 684 8340. Fax 03 684 0404. Email: Timaru@dtz.co.nz

INDEX

1. Details of reviewable instrument

2. Proposal

3. Descriptions of proposed designations

Appendix 1: Plan

Appendix 2: Easement

 

1. Details of reviewable instrument

Lease Name: Rhoboro Downs

Lessee: Rhoborough Downs Limited

Land Registry Folio Ref: CB5C/1019 (Canterbury Registry)
Legal Description: Parts Run 290, Sections 1 and 2 SO 17243, Part Reserves 4677 and 4443 (SO 16043 and 17243) Hopkins, Campbell, Pukaki West and Strachey Survey Districts contained in Certificate of Lease CBSC/1019 (Canterbury Registry).

Area: 7,626.2874 hectares

Local Authority: Mackenzie District Council
Term of Lease: 33 years from 1 July 1995

 

2. Proposal

2.1 To be designated as conservation area:

(a) Pursuant to section 35 (2)(a)(i) Crown Pastoral Land (CPL) Act 1998, to be
designated as land to be restored to full Crown ownership and control as conservation area;

Area: 3,000 ha approximate (marked 1 on theplan appended)

2.2 To be disposed of bv freehold disposal to holder:

(a) Pursuant to section 35(3) CPL Act, to be designated as Crown land to be disposed of by freehold disposal to Rhoborough Downs Limited subject to the granting of the protective mechanisms and easement detailed in the documents attached;

Area: 4,626 ha approximate (marked 2 on the plan appendedJ

Protective mechanisms (s. 40(1)(b) and 40(2)(c) CPL Act);

(A) An easement under section 7(2) Conservation Act 1987 to provide public access for pedestrians, horse riders and non-motorised transport from the legal road on the southern boundary of the proposed conservation area over the route marked 'b-b' on the plan appended;

Easement (s. 36(3)(b) CPL Act):

(B) An easement under section 7(2) Conservation Act 1987 to provide access for personnel of the Department of Conservation (and employees, agents and invitees) with or without vehicles, machinery and implements from the legal road on the southern boundary of the proposed conservation area over the route marked 'b-b' on the plan appended;

Note: Both under one easement document.

 

3. Descriptions of proposed designations

3.1 Land to be restored to full Crown ownership and control:

Total area = 3,000 ha approximate

An area of some 40% of the western part of Rhoboro Downs is proposed to be designated as land to be restored to or retained in full Crown ownership and control, containing approximately 3,000 hectares. It is all in one block west of Fraser Stream. The proposed designation will protect a large visual backdrop to the Mackenzie Basin rising from approximately the 800 metre contour to the summit of the Ben Ohau Range at 1,920 metres. It will protect a broad largely indigenous landscape, containing two previously identified recommended areas for protection, shrublands of exceptional species diversity with a high degree of naturalness. Considerable tall tussock grasslands exist above 1,200 metres merging into extensive alpine cushion fields and boulder fields. Mountain Beech remnants contained in the area are now relatively rare in this locality of the Mackenzie Basin as is manuka shrubland.

The significant inherent values identified for this area are:

(i) The landscape is largely indigenous with little apparent mod)fication visible and forms part of the backdrop to the greater Mackenzie Basin.

(ii) It will include RAP areas Ben Ohau 4 (1) and 6 (2) identified as being extensive shrubland, tall tussock grassland and alpine cushion and boulderfields.

(iii) The vegetation communities represent the eastern most distribution patterns and vegetation types that are now uncommon on the Ben Ohau Range.

(iv) It will contribute to the overall ecological integrity and natural functioning of the area by linking existing public conservation land to the north and creating a buffer to more sensitive areas.

(v) It will provide a setting for a wide and varied range of recreational opportunities.

The proposed boundary line is to be fenced.

Retention of access to the proposed conservation land is discussed in the next section.

 

3.2 To be designated as Crown land to be disposed of by freehold disposal to Rhoborough Downs Limited subject to protective mechanisms, easements:

Total area = 4,626 hectares approximate

The generally flat to rolling country east of Fraser Stream comprises the bulk of the proposed designation which together with a small area of frontal downs west of Fraser Stream is land recommended to be disposed of on freehold tenure. The downs either side of Fraser Stream comprising approximately 1,000 hectares, some of which as been developed by oversowing and topdressing, comprises generally short tussock grassland suitable for improvement for farming by oversowing and topdressing techniques. Eastward of the downs is a large generally flat southern aspect area of poor quality soils in native short tussock grassland with a small fringe of approximately 200 hectares on the southern boundary suitable for agricultural production through cultivation to improved pastures.

At the eastern end of the property lying between State Highway 80 and Lake Pukaki, is an area of lateral moraine largely covered in wilding trees. The open tussock grassland areas within the trees have potential for improved pastoral production but are now limited in area due to ingress of wilding pine trees.

The disposal is subject to a public access easement and an easement for conservation management beside Fraser Stream from the southern boundary to the northern boundary then west to the land recommended in the proposal to be restored to the Crown. This will give public access along an existing formed track.

 

Footnotes:
(1) Recommended Area for Protection under the Protected Natural Area Programme
(2) Recommended Area for Protection under the Protected Natural Area Programme

 

APPENDICES

1. Plan

2. Proposed easement form for:

(a) Public Access to Conservation Area easement
(b) Public Access Easement for Vehicles for Management Purposes

 

Appendix 1: Plan

 

 

DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION REPORT
TO KNIGHT FRANK LTD ON TENURE REVIEW
OF RHOBORO DOWNS PASTORAL LEASE

 

PART ONE INTRODUCTION

Rhoboro Downs pastoral lease is 7615 ha and is situated at the southern end of Lake Pukaki and runs westwards to the top of the Ben Ohau Range. The homestead is located off State Highway 8 about one kilometre south of the SH 80 turnoff to Mt Cook, north of Twizel.

The property forms two distinct, topographical and management units. The "Forest Block" being the dry flats and terraces of the foot of the Ben Ohau range, and the "Back Block" comprising the high country of the Ben Ohau range.

Rhoboro Downs is located in the Pukaki Ecological District (ED) and the Ben Ohau ED which was surveyed as part of the Protected Natural Areas Programme (PNAP) in 1983. This survey identified four recommended areas for protection (RAPs) on the property. These are part Pukaki 3 Gladstone flats, Pukaki 5 Dry Stream Swamp, Pukaki 4 Lower Fraser Stream, Ben Ohau 6 Darts Bush and Ben Ohau 4 Fraser Stream Headwaters.

As part of the Mackenzie Basin, Rhoboro Downs forms part of a nationally recognised and regionally outstanding landscape.

 

PART TWO: CONSERVATION RESOURCE DESCRIPTION

2.1 Landscape

The Mackenzie-Waitaki Basin is New Zealand's largest intermontane basin. It is nationally unique and retains a number of predominantly natural values, including:

These natural features are highly valued for visual and scenic reasons. Many of the pastoral leases in the basin are visible from state highways, canal roads, minor roads, settlements, tourist destinations and flight paths. The combination of physical features, diversity and distinctiveness of the area all contribute to the high inherent scenic and visual values.

The natural landscape of Rhoboro Downs comprises four different character types.
These are

a) Crest and steepland slopes of Ben Ohau Range

b) Lower Spurs and slopes below 800 m

c) Valley Flats and Outwash Plains

d) Lake Pukaki Terminal moraine area

2.2 Landform and Geology

The Ben Ohau Range is comprised of two main rock types: greywackes of the Torlesse group and low grade chlorite schist of the Haast schist Group. The range was formed by uplift that occurred at the same time as the Southern Alps were formed. The Ben Ohau Range rises from 700m to over 1974m on Rhoboro Downs.

The lower hill slopes are largely Pleistocene deposits, while the broad flats are largely Pleistocene free draining gravels. These gravels are interbedded with moderately compacted sand and silt, which are known as the Glentanner beds. These beds are exposed along fault scarps or where streams have cut down through the gravels.

Above Lake Pukaki, glacial deposits have left a terminal moraine which was formed from the advance of the Tasman Glacier some 15,000 years ago.

 

2.3 Vegetation

2.3.1 Front Block

The Front Block vegetation includes exotic wilding pines, briar, brown top, hawkweed, cultivated red clover, native hard tussock, red tussocklands and matagouri shrublands. All communities lie within the Montane environment.

Exotic Forest

A mixed aged stand of lodgepole pine (Pinus ponderosa) occurs on the hummocky moraines the Downs Block, extending into the NE part of Gravel Pit Block. The trees are encroaching into degraded hard tussock grassland, where fescue tussock has 30% cover and hawkweed around 60% cover. Whilst the exotic component is significant (including sweet vernal, brown top, sheep sorrel), some native herbs do occur, such as harebell. Ephemeral wetlands are scattered in the moraine, with native species such as moss, Herpolerion novae-zealandiae, Carex gaudichaudiana, creeping willowherb (Epilobium komarovium), Gonocarpus micranthus, and Pratia perpusilla.

Exotic grasslands

Much of the Front Block consists of exotic grasslands, with Jocks, Little Flat, Dry Creek, Tay Creek and south end of Big Flat Blocks being dominated by browntop, with hawkweed and scattered briar bushes.

The Farm Blocks have been cultivated for red clover hay production.

Depleted hard tussock grasslands

The depleted hard tussock grasslands are found on the lower fans and terraces adjacent to Fraser Stream and Dry Creek, and are characterised by high levels of mouse-eared hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella) and a predominance of exotic grasses. The Big Flat Block has scattered hard tussock throughout, with 30-40% cover occurring near to Dry Creek. Matagouri is associated with this grassland, as well as other native species such as Deyeuxia avenoides, Elymus rectisetus, Rytidosperma pumilum, and Celmisia gracilenta. Small flushes and wetlands are associated with this community close to Fraser Stream, and where tributaries of Dry Stream pass through depressions.

The short tussock grasslands are largely depleted, with a high occurrence of exotic grass species and hawkweed. The red tussockland and Sphagnum peat bogs located at the boundary with Pukaki Downs Station, are of poorer condition and extent than those found on Pukaki Downs and elsewhere on Rhoboro downs. However, those found on a terrace face have been totally fenced out of the main block, and are not grazed.

Wetlands

Red tussocklands occur on the terraces adjacent to the Pukaki downs Station bogpine RAP 3 Gladstone Flats, in the north western limit of Big Flat. Here a diversity of native plants are found, including cutty grass (Carex coriacea), Juncus tenuis, Gentiana corymbifera, G. griesebachii, Celmisia alpina, Gonocarpus aggregatus, bladderwort (Utricularia monanthos), manuka, Cassinia leptophylla, Coprosma cheesemanii, Carpha alpina and Gaultheria crassa. However, red tussock cover is sparce 1-10%), and they tend to be small in stature. Comb sedge (Oreobolus pectinatus) bogs tend to have much sweet vernal growing through them. Individual red tussocks are also found scattered along streams elsewhere in the Front Block.

Shrublands

Matagouri shrubland occurs along the upper Dry Stream, in a gully close to the boundary with Pukaki Station, and along Fraser Stream, where it reaches 2m high. Matagouri shrubland is also present as patches in the Big Flat Block, and scattered along the Twizel River. Ground cover is largely exotic.

The majority of the Front block is highly modified, often dominated by hawkweed, and has no conservation value. However, the riparian shrublands, though small in extent, are of interest. They occur along Dry and Frasers Streams. They not only play an important hydrological role in maintaining water quality to downstream are also of interest for nature conservation, but are also of interest botanically.

2.3.2 Back Block

The Back Block has a range of communities including alpine boulderfields and fellfields, subalpine to alpine wetlands, montane to alpine snow tussock grasslands, beech forest, subalpine and montane shrublands, hard tussock grasslands and red tussock wetlands.

Montane Environment

Wetlands

Two broad types of montane wetland occur: red tussocklands (Chionochloa rubra), and bogs. Both are extensive on the valley flats and terrace risers in the Darts Bush Flats. Several small creeks meander through the red tussockland at its northern extent, making the ground wet underfoot. Here the red tussock comprises 40-60% of groundcover, and can reach 1.5m tall. Other native species include Oreomyrrhis ramosa, Carex sinclairii, C secta var. tenuiculmis, Eleocharis acuta, Ranunculus glabrifolius, and bog rush (Schoenus pauciflorus). Yorkshire Fog is the main exotic species present.

Further south, the red tussocklands are drier, with about 30% cover, and are intermingled with narrow-leaved snow tussock (Chionochloa rigida) on slight rises. In places, the latter can have 50% cover and reach over 1.5m tall. A lone bog pine (Halocarpus bidwillii) is located in a dry area of mixed red and narrow leaved snow tussock.

The red tussocklands form a mosaic with the comb sedge cushion bogs, which also extend up onto gentle terrace surfaces. Other native bog species include peat forming Sphagnum moss, moss, Hypolerion novae zealandiae, Juncus antarcticus, and sundew (Drosera arcturi). Exotic Juncus accuminatus, sheeps sorrel, brown top and king devil hawkweed (Hieracium praealtum) can also be present in small amounts.

Hard Tussock Grassland

Hard tussock communities are associated with a mixed Dracophyllum shrubland on the lower to mid slopes of the Back Block, especially the shady faces associated with the minor spurs. Hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella) can be dominant (65 %) and occurs with brown top, and occasional narrow leaved snow tussock and shrubs. Dracophyllum pronum dominates the shrub component, although D. longifolium and turpentine shrub (D. uniflorum), snowberry (Gaultheria depressa), mountain heath (Leucopogon colensoi), matagouri, Hebe pauciramosa and H. subalpina are present. Hawkweed cover decreases with altitude.

Shrublands

Two main shrublands occur in the Front Range: - riparian matagouri and manuka communities. Riparian matagouri shrublands occur along the Fraser Stream from 580 to 1040m, as well as up most of its tributaries Similar shrublands occur in the upper reaches of streams feeding into the Darts Bush Flats. Other common shrub species include mingimingi and mountain wineberry (Aristotelia fruticosa), with scattered briar. Species diversity increases with altitude, with mountain ribbonwood, porcupine shrub, Coprosma rugosa present. Matagouri shrubs tend to be quite old, reaching over 2m tall. Cracked willow trees become more common in the Fraser Stream at lower altitudes, and ground cover also become dominated by exotic species.

An extensive shrubland (RAP 4 Lower Fraser Stream) occupies the valleys between Spur 2 and Long Spur, extending up to about 1000m. Native species diversity and cover is exceptionally good, with, in addition to the common shrub species, Hoheria lyallii, Coprosma intertexta, C cheesemanii, scented tree daisy (Olearia odorata), porcupine shrub, with beech trees growing at the head of the valley. Cassinia leptophylla, Hebe pauciramosa, H odora, turpentine shrub, Dracophyllum longifolium, and native broom (Carmichaeolia petriei) occur at the margins. Groundcover here has a significant native component, including prickly shield fern (Plysticcum vestitum) and thousand leaved fern (Hypolepis millefolium), blue wheat grass (Elymus rectisetus) and mountain oat grass (Deyeuxia avenoides), and tutu. Exotics present are hawkweed, brown top and sweet vernal. A lone bog pine occurs on the margins of this shrubland.

Manuka shrubland is common on the sunny lower faces of the spurs. The most dense stand is associated with sunny faces above the shrubland RAP, where it extends to around 900m. It is dense at lower altitudes, but increasingly is associated with hard tussock, hawkweeds and matagouri with altitude.

Tall tussock grasslands

Tall tussock grasslands extend through montane to subalpine environments. Whilst individual narrow leaved snow tussocks are found on the lower slopes, they increase in density and condition with altitude. Patches of bare subsoil are common on sunny spur faces on the front between 900-1300m. These have been exposed by stock camping. There is moderately high hawkweed cover (to 45%), with mountain heath and matagouri being the dominant shrubs. Tussocks tend to be small and eaten back, with 10 % cover. Shady faces have a higher shrub component, especially of Dracophyllum species, and greater ground cover of vegetation. Tussock size and condition tend to be marginally better than on sunny faces.

In the basins along the Ben Ohau Ridge, tussock condition is excellent, being tall and dense, especially at about 1350m. Tussock cover tends to be denser on shady faces than on sunny faces. Flushes occur throughout these grasslands. The main exotic component is king devil hawkweed (<1-7%, but locally 25%). Species associated with the tall tussock grasslands include Celmisia densiflora, eyebright (Euphrasia zelandica), Gentiana corymbifera, Dracophyllum pronum, and D. kirkii.

Wilding pines are present, especially in the Darts Bush catchment above the flats.

Subalpine Environment

Slim Snow Tussock

Slim snow tussock (Chionochloa macra) grassland occurs at about 1350m, on shady faces, and at about 1500m on sunny faces. In basins on the Ben Ohau Ridge, tussocks can reach 40-50cm tall, and make up to 60% of ground cover. The native diversity of groundcover species is reduced because of the overshadowing by the tussocks. Native species include false spaniard (Celmisia Iyallii), mountain clubmoss (Lycopodium fastigiatum), blue tussock, Dracophyllum pronum, Gentiana corymbifera, Hebe Iycopodioides and the exotic king devil hawkweed ( < 1 % cover). Slim snow tussocks here are replaced by blue tussock, false spaniard and cushionfield vegetation.

Subalpine Shrublands

There are two types of subalpine shrubland found: Dracophyllum pronum/uniflorum dominated shrublands and a more upright mixed species shrubland.

Dracophyllum pronum/uniflorum shrublands are associated with shady faces and spurs of the Front Ridge and Ben Ohau ridge, west facing slopes of Darts Bush upper catchment, and Dorcy Stream/flanigans Pass face. Other shrubs associated with it include Cassinia leptophylla, snowberry, and Hebe pauciramosa. Narrow leaved snow tussock has about 10% cover. Hawkweed cover can be high ( < 30%), but native species diversity is good with blue tussock, Raoulia subsericea, Anisotome flexuosa, Celmisia gracilenta, Brachyglottis bellidioides, Rytidosperma setifolia, Gentiana corymbifera, eyebright, Celmisia densiflora, C. grandiflora and false spaniard. Tongues of scree are common in the sub-alpine zone.

A more diverse shrubland is often associated with mountain streams, where native species diversity and health are exceptionally high. Species include: mountain wineberry (Hoheria Iyallii), Brachyglottis cassiniodes, Dracophyllum longifolium, turpentine shrub, snow totara (Podocarpus nivalis), shrub daisy (Olearia nummularifolia), Gaultheria depressa, native broom, Hebe pauciramosa, H. subalpina, H treadwellii, H. buchananii, matagouri, porcupine shrub, mountain celery pine (Phyllocladus alpinus) and mountain flax (Phormium cookianum). The understorey includes Celmisia coriacea, C. grandiflora, Geum leiptospermum, tutu, blue wheat grass, Festuca mathewsii, Senecio wairauensis, Coprosma ciliata and narrow leaved snow tussock.

Beech Forest

Mountain beech forest is regenerating in two main areas: Dart Bush at 960m and Upper Fraser Stream catchment at 1100m, whilst individual trees were observed elsewhere on the property.

Darts Bush forest, identified as RAP 6 in the Ben Ohau Ecological District. It occupies the valley floor and mountain side.

The Upper Fraser Stream beech forest is regenerating, and whilst it shows signs of disturbance, it has a good litter cover with a range of ground cover plants. These include snow totara, mingimingi, Coprosma ciliata, C. rugosa, Pittosporum anomale, Myrsine nummularia, mountain ribbonwood, Polystichum vestitum fern and Acaena fissitipula. Exotics are few with hawkweed, Yorkshire fog and white clover present. Downstream, young beech trees are regenerating on bluffs on the true right of Fraser Stream at about 1050m.

Stream banks in the beech forest support a more diverse community and include Geum parviflora, Epilobium melanocaulon, Parahebe decora, Phyllocladus alpinus, Celmisia petiolata, Gaultheria rupestris, Hebe subalpina, Coprosma pseudocuneata, Corybus trilobas, Belchnum penna marina, and Dolichoglottis sp.

Alpine Environment

Boulderfields and fellfields

The upper slopes of the Ben Ohau Ridge are dominated by steep block scree, bluffs, and, in the upper basins, blocky rock glaciers. The blocky screes are largely uncolonised except for Aciphylla dobsonii, Celmisia angustifolia, C. argentea, C. haastii, C. Iaricifolia, Colobanthus strictus, Agrostis muelleriana, and Luzula pumila. Around the rocky bluffs, where a thin layer of soil has developed, a wider diversity of native plants are found, including South Island edelweiss (Leucogenes grandiceps), Aciphylla montana, Rytidosperma setifolia, Koeleria novae-zeelandia, Chionochloa macra, Leptinella pectinata, Myrsine nummularia, Poa lindsayli, blue tussock, Raoulia youngii and Rytidosperma pumilum. Carex pyrenaica var. cephatotes is common on moraine surfaces to the side of rock glaciers.

Finer screes are located on the western face of the Darts Bush catchment.

Cushionfields

Alpine cushionfields are associated with the rock glaciers, occurring on the gently sloping stable surfaces made up of smaller sized rocks. Dracophyllum pronum is the dominant species, and is found with Kelleria Iyallii, Chionohebe pulvinaris, Raoulia grandiflora, Gentiana corymbifera, Agrostis muelleriana, Anisotome flexuosa, Celmisia laricifolia, C. sessiliflora, Phyllachne colensoi, blue tussock and lichen. Vegetation cover can vary between 35 to 70%.

Alpine flushes and wetlands

A number of tarns occur at about 1700m in basins off the Ben Ohau Ridge. Wetland vegetation is diverse with a very high native component including Abrotanella caespitosa, Plantago triandra, moss, Caltha obtusa, Celmisia sessiliflora, C. haastii, Ranunculus gracilipes, blue tussock, Gnaphalium luteoalbum, Euphrasia zelandica, Uncinia sp, Epilobium macropus, Carex lachenalli and Colobanthus strictus. Moister sites are dominated by comb sedge, with moss daisy (Abrotanella caespitosa), Juncus novae zealandia, Celmisia alpina and Gnaphalium delicatum. Slim snow tussocks often surround wetland areas, except where overgrazing has removed them

Many flushes occur throughout the slim tussock grasslands, and are characterised by Montia australasica, Lobelia linnaeoides, Celmisia argentea and C. glandulosa above 1700m. Around 1500m, flush species include Schoenus pauciflorus, Carex wakatipu, Uncinia fuscovaginata, Nertera sp, Ranunculus gracilipes, Juncus perpusillus and moss. Stock tend to camp in these flush zones.

The upper catchments of both Darts Bush (900-1932m) and Frasers Stream (950-1974m), as well as Flanagans Pass face, have a diverse range of communities relating to both altitudinal and aspect gradients. Communities include alpine scree, fellfield, cushionfield, slim tussock grassland (including Fraser Stream headwaters RAP), and wetlands, subalpine and montane tall tussock grasslands and shrublands, and two areas of regenerating beech forest (including Darts Bush beech forest RAP)

The catchments include a range of habitats and physical features including fellfield talus, rock glaciers, basins, steep colluvial mountain slopes, boulderfields and mountain streams. The communities show a high degree of naturalness, with very little sign of exotic species present (king devil hawkweed is present in small quantities to 1500m). Some very localised modification has occurred as a result of stock camping on ridge crests, and at high altitudes (1700m), have grazed out slim snow tussock. This has induced a native community of false spaniard, blue tussock and cushionfield vegetation to develop locally.

Stock camps adjacent to an alpine tarn is nutrifying the water, as evidenced by much algal growth.

The Front Ridge - E facing slope, spurs and flats contain a wide range of communities and ecosystems ranging from montane to alpine environments. As aspect derived vegetation gradient is evident on spurs, where shady faces are dominated by Dracophyllum shrublands, and sunny faces by tall tussock grasslands. Many communities are representative of ones which were once more widespread in the district e.g. red tussocklands, tall tussock grasslands and shrublands.

Natural diversity is good, with a range of natural to semi-natural communities occurring in montane to alpine environments. The condition of communities, especially tussock grasslands, are good at higher altitude, but tend to be more modified than their counterparts in the moister Ben Ohau Ridge catchments. Exotic species have little presence over 1300m, whilst at montane levels, hawkweed can be a significant component to groundcover, especially in the depleted short tussock/shrubland communities, and the valley flats close to Fraser Stream.

This area has some special features, notably the red tussockland in Darts Bush flats, which is in good condition. Such communities were once more extensive in the Mackenzie Basin. There are many bogs and flushes associated with the tussockland. The presence of Sphagnum moss indicates that peat is being formed, which is uncommon south of Rakaia River at this altitude. Grazing by cattle and horses appear to be having localised impacts on the comb sedge bogs, as has a farm track. Three plants of the vulnerable to rare Carex secta var. tenuiculmis were observed growing beside one flush. One bog pine plant, considered uncommon, was also observed. This wetland not only has important conservation values, but has also an important hydrological role.

Another area of note is the extensive shrubland occupying the valleys between Spurs 2 and Long Spur. It is of exceptional diversity, density and has a moderate native component to its groundcover, which is not usual. It has a high level of naturalness, and is buffered by the extensive manaka shrubland on the sunny faces, and Dracophyllum shrublands-tussock grasslands on the shady faces. Briar is scattered, but tends to be at its lower altitudes. A wilding pine is present.

Other riparian shrublands, whilst not so diverse botanically, do exhibit moderate species diversity in their upper reaches. They also pay an important hydrological role for maintaining water flow and quality to downstream areas of importance to conservation e.g. Darts Bush Flats red tussockland: Ben Ohau wetlands, and for fisheries. Briar is present in small amounts, as well as crack willow, which is common in Fraser Stream bed.

2.4 Fauna

The streams, swamps, shrublands, bush remnants and the tussock grassland host a wide range of fauna on Rhoboro downs some 29 species of birds have been recorded on the property. These include 16 indigenous and 13 introduced species.

On the Ben Ohau Range the New Zealand falcon is relatively common, along with the Australasian harrier. Skylarks and pipits are common in the tussock grasslands, while the shrubland and bush remnants host the pied fantail, silvereye, grey warbler, rifleman and various finches. The black fronted tern, banded dotterel, grey duck and the occasional white faced heron have been noted in the flats and river beds.

Four species of freshwater fish have been recorded on Rhoboro Downs along with brown trout. The latter has only been found in the Twizel river but is thought to exist in the Fraser Stream. The endemic fish recorded are upland bully, kooro, Galaxias brevipinnis (Category C for conservation), Alpine galaxid and long jawed galaxid.

Invertebrate fauna is largely unknown but five endemic butterflies and four species of grasshopper were found on Rhoboro Downs.

The common gecko and McCanns skink are common on the property. While the rare jewelled gecko and spotted skink may exist, as they have been recorded in close proximity to Rhoboro Downs.

2.5 Historic Values

Rhoboro downs was the first run claimed on the west side of Lake Pukaki. Some lO,000 acres was claimed in 1856 by Henry John Gladstone. A year later another lO,000 acres was added to the property.

Over the next few decades Rhoboro Downs had a succession of owners. Part of Lake Ohau Station was in the property along with Ferintosh and Glentanner. In 1920 the property was divided into the present day stations of Glentanner, Ferintosh and Pukaki downs.

Notable historic features that survive today are the water race and reservoir which supplied the old Pukaki village and part of the old telephone line which linked Pukaki with Glen Lyon Station via Flanagans Pass. The homestead and farm buildings are on a small enclave of freehold land.

No information about Maori cultural values was available at the time of writing this report.

2.6 Existing Land Status

Rhoboro Downs is bounded by pastoral lease land to the north (Pukaki Downs) south (Ben Ohau) and west (Glen Lyon). The eastern boundary adjoins Lake Pukaki. Around Lake Pukaki there is a strip of land that was taken for hydro operating purposes. There is currently no marginal strip.

None of the streams on the property have marginal strips laid off.

The homestead area is surrounded by a small block of freehold land, with a legal road joining it to Rhoboro Downs Road.

Along the Rhoboro Downs/Ben Ohau boundary is an unformed legal road. A farm track follows this approximate line. An unformed legal road follows part of the Fraser stream into the centre of the property where it stops in the middle of nowhere.

The Mackenzie District Scheme became operative in 1986. This scheme identified approximately two thirds of the property as being within the Rural 1 zone, which is the general farming zone. Predominant uses include agricultural and pastoral farming and forestry up to maximum of 50 ha. The remaining third of the property (the higher mountainous eastern end) lies in Rural 2 zone (erodible high country). Land in this zone was generally classified as Class VIII or severely eroded Class VII and was considered unsuitable for grazing or commercial forestry.

The district scheme has now become a Transitional District Plan due to local government restructuring. A new plan is to be publicly advertised in December 1996.

2.7 Recreation/Access

2.7.1 Access

Legal roads and unformed paper roads have been dealt with in 2.6 above. Rhoboro Downs is relatively accessible from SH 8O, Rhoboro Downs Road and the Rhoboro Downs/Ben Ohau farm track. A good four wheel drive track also follows part of the paper road up the Fraser Stream before climbing on to the open tops of the Ben Ohau Range.

2.7.2 Uses

The current uses of Rhoboro Downs are hunting, cross country skiing, tramping, mountain biking and heli biking while mountain climbing is limited. Fishing occurs in the Twizel river.

Being close to Twizel the Ben Ohau Range could provide for a wide range of activities, especially if tenure review proceeds on adjoining properties.

Other potential recreational uses are horse trekking, guided natural history trips, painting and scenic four wheel drive trips.

2.7.3 User Issues

One commonly re-occurring issue is the maintenance of the four wheel drive farm tracks if vehicle access is allowed. Foot, mountain biking and horse access should not cause any undue concern. However, any access easements require a level of commitment with regards to signs, and styles. Controlling access to the flats in order to prevent disturbance to farming activities or wildlife needs consideration and management.

Public access to and along the shores of Lake Pukaki needs addressing.

2.8 Existing Management

Management issues that affect the high inherent values on Rhoboro Downs are:

i) Weeds

Hieracium is present over the majority of the flats and on the lower hill slopes. Willows are present along the streams and rivers and could affect the galaxid and trout populations as well as the wildlife values in the longer term.

Wilding pines are a major problem near the Mt Cook highway and above Lake Pukaki. Their spread over the flats on to the Ben Ohau Range will require management.

ii) Pests

Rhoboro Downs has been part of the Rabbit and Land Management Programme. Rabbit numbers can be high on the flats and lower hill country.

Any commitment the rabbit control will depend on the values being protected.

(iii) Grazing

Continued grazing is likely to have a detrimental affect on the high inherent values on Rhoboro Downs. Fencing will be required to protect areas of ecological value.

 

PART THREE CONSULTATION

On 28 November 1996 an NGO meeting was held in Timaru. This meeting was attended by representatives from Forest and Bird, Public Access New Zealand, tramping clubs, deer stalkers associations and Aoraki Conservation Board.

The questions/issues arising from the discussions on Rhoboro Downs were:

 

PART FOUR JUSTIFICATION AND RECOMMENDATION

The significant high inherent values on Rhoboro downs are the tall tussock grasslands shrublands, cushionfields and wetland (red tussock) areas. along with the broad nationally significant landscape of the Ben Ohau Range, and the recreational opportunities.

The Department of Conservation's recommendations for Rhoboro Downs are as follows:

1 Ben Ohau Range

An area of some 3400 ha be transferred to the Department of Conservation to be managed as conservation land. This land should be fenced and destocked.

This area includes all of the land above 800m on the Ben Ohau Range and part of a tributary of the Fraser Stream down to 700m.

This extensive area will protect the following ecological features:

The above ecological features are all interlinked and, if protected, will form a continuous ecological unit. The level of diversity on the Ben Ohau Range is high, with a range of communities along altitudinal gradients Chionochloa tussock grasslands that once were extensive in the Ben Ohau Ecological District are now primarily confined to the tops. Chionochloa macra is poorly protected and is now relatively "rare".

While the degree of naturalness varies from low to high, depending on the community, most of the communities are largely natural and could recover. The tall tussock grasslands have pockets of localised modification on hill crests but elsewhere, and in the cushionfields, the natural species diversity and naturalness is high.

The shrubland (extension to RAP Pukaki 4) in Fraser Stream has exceptional species diversity and density. It has a high degree of naturalness which has been buffered by the extensive manuka and Dracophyllum shrubland.

This large area could eventually become a large contiguous conservation area as it adjoins other areas currently undergoing tenure review. This extensive area would protect a full range of habitats and communities. The values on Rhoboro Downs extend to a relatively low level providing for a good altitudinal sequence from 600m. From shrubland through to tall tussock grassland. Part of this extensive area also includes short tussock grasslands that may over time form part of an extensive shrubland belt along the range.

The landscape values are high as the broadfaces present a broad coherent landform. While the lower front faces have been modified by grazing, there are no tracks, building or fencelines to break up the broad landscape. Retention of this area will ensure the integrity and natural character of the Ben Ohau slopes, which provide a broad continuous back drop to the Mackenzie Basin, are protected.

The tussock grassland, bush remnants and shrubland provide habitat for diversity of avifauna as well as habitat for the jewelled gecko and spotted skink.

While recreational use is currently low there is considerable potential for a broad range of activities to develop on the Ben Ohau Range, especially as adjoining areas pastoral leases undergo tenure review and opportunities for linkages occur.

Fencing would be required to clearly delineate the proposed conservation land. Destock would allow the shrublands to regenerate and ensure the existing mountain beech remnants survive. Removal of stock would ensure the survival of the tall tussock grasslands. This would also maintain or improve the hydrological function of the streams along the Ben Ohau Range.

This area on Rhoboro Downs should link in with proposals on Pukaki Downs to the north and Omahau and Ben Ohau to the south.

A few wilding pines occur in the area and will need to be eradicated as soon as possible.

2 Darts Bush Stream

It is recommended that 130 ha approximately alongside Darts Bush Stream become conservation land and that this area be fenced and destocked.

This area of red tussock grassland while not the best in the ecological district, is contiguous with a reduced tussock community on Ben Ohau to the south. Red tussock grasslands are now relatively rare or often have been highly modified. This area has a moderate level of naturalness.

Several rare plants i.e. Carex secta var teniculmis and an individual bog pine make this area distinctive. The matagouri shrubland alongside the area also has a moderate degree of diversity.

The shrubland, red tussock grassland and natural stream features provide a natural landscape feature, worthy of protection.

The main threats to this area are continued stock grazing and vehicle access via a farm track along the property boundary. Fencing and destocking are essential.

This red tussock wetland and shrubland would link up with proposals for extended marginal strips on Ben Ohau Station and provide protection from the hill slopes to Lake Benmore in the South.

3. Riparian Protection

Currently none of the streams on Rhoboro Downs have marginal strips. It is proposed that the margins of the Twizel river, Dry Stream and Fraser Stream have an extended area for riparian protection laid off. If the streams do not meet the legal requirements for marginal strips alternative methods of protection will need to be considered i.e. recreation reserve/conservation land. It is anticipated that key areas may need fencing and destocking.

Protecting the marginal strips should protect the existing native Galaxid populations and aquatic invertebrates. The shrublands also provide habitat for avifauna which is important in the Mackenzie Basin.

These areas could also provide alternative access routes through the property which could ultimately lead to adjoining conservation land.

Two RAPs, Pukaki 4 and 5 were recommended for protection in 1984 under the PNAP. A scientific committee recommended that RAP 4 be extended to include the shrubland. The proposed riparian protection could protect the original values identified during the PNAP survey. These sites were primarily identified as being areas of special wildlife interest.

Part of the Dry Stream riparian protection proposal near the northern boundary encompasses RAP 3. Here the wetland component has diminished and red tussock cover is sparse. It is considered that an extended area should protect the remaining values.

4 Public Access

Access routes into the proposed conservation area are necessary. Access easements under the Conservation Act will formalise these proposals. The key access easements sought are:

i) Ensure that the existing farm track along the southern boundary of the property lies within the unformed paper road. If not ensure that easements are surveyed to provide all year round public access.

It is envisaged that this easement would be for walking, mountain biking and horse riding. This easement would link up with proposals on adjoining properties and it is part of a key access route on to the Ben Ohau Range

ii) An easement for walking, mountain biking and horse riding is sought from the end of the existing Fraser Stream paper road along a farm track to the proposed conservation land.

This easement would provide alternative access to the northern part of the Ben Ohau Range.

5. Historic Sites

It is considered that the water race and the old Pukaki township reservoir should be protected. Also part of the old telephone route from Pukaki to Glen Lyon via Flanagans Pass is all part of the history of the Mackenzie Basin. It is recommended that the CCL advocate protection of these three features under the Mackenzie District Plan.

 

RHOBORO DOWNS PASTORAL LEASE.
PART 4 (FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY)
RECOMMENDATIONS AND JUSTIFICATION (revised July 1999)

4.1 Recommendations

4.1.1 That the proposals described below be submitted to the CCL's Agent, during the
consultation process on the preliminary proposal for this tenure review, as
representing the views developed under delegated authority from the
Director-General of Conservation.
[Note that additional proposals, developed after the initial report is written, may also be
put forward at the consultation stage.]

4.1.2 Note that statutory consents will be required before the CCL can include (in the preliminary proposal for this tenure review) the designations set out in paragraphs: 4.2.5.1 and 4.2.6.1 below.

4.2 Proposals and Justification

4.2.1 Land to be Restored to or Retained in Full Crown Ownership and Control

4.2.1 .1 Name: Ben Ohau Range
Existing status: Pastoral lease
Authority. s.35 (2)(a) (i) CPLA
Proposal. That an area of approximately 3200 hectares be designated as a
Conservation Area to be managed by the Department of Conservation.
Description. This area includes all of the Ben Ohau Range above the 800m
contour i.e. the western portion of Rhoboro Downs. The upper catchments of
Darts Bush Stream, Fraser Stream and its tributaries are also included in this area.
Justification: The land is characterised by the following significant inherent
values:
1 ) This portion of the Ben Ohau Range collectively forms part of the special
quality and integrity of the high country landscape, through the following attributes:

2) Part of the area meets PNAP criteria by contributing the following natural values:

3) The vegetation communities represent the eastern most distribution patterns and vegetation types that are now uncommon on the range. These are:

4) The area will contribute to the overall ecological integrity and natural functioning of the Ben Ohau Range by providing:

5) The Ben Ohau Range provides a setting for a range of recreational opportunities that are wide and varied. It will also:

Management and boundary issues. The area will be destocked and fencing will be
required along the proposed boundary, some 7 kms. The major management cost
will be wilding pine control over the lower faces. This cost is approximately
20,000 dollars for an initial knock down and then the area should only require periodic maintenance.

4.2.1.2 Name. Darts Bush terrace

Existing status: Pastoral lease
Authority. s.35 (2)(a)(i) CPLA
Proposal. That an area of approximately 130 hectares be designated as a
Conservation Area to be managed by the Department of Conservation.
Description. This is a small flat area alongside Darts Bush stream on the
Ben Ohau/Rhoboro Downs boundary, under the Ben Ohau Range.
Justification. The land is characterised by areas that have the following significant inherent values:

1) This is a locality for species and an ecosystem that is now uncommon in the district. These values are:

2) There is potential for this area to be linked up with the adjoin" tussock grassland

3) and shrubland along side Darts Bush Stream, which would enhance the natural functioning and ecological diversity of the area.

Management and Boundary issues. Fencing and destocking are essential if this area is to be protected. Some 3 kms would be required.

4.2.1.3 Name: Pukaki Flat

Existing status Pastoral lease.
Authority: s.35 (2) (a) (i) CPLA Proposal: That an area of approximately 30 hectares be designated as a Conservation Area to be managed by the Department of Conservation.
Description. This area encompasses a small terrace on the true left bank of Dry Stream on the northern boundary adjacent to existing public Conservation land.
Justification: The land is characterised by areas that have the following significant inherent values:

Management and boundary issues. A realignment of the boundary fence would be desirable in order to make this area contiguous with the adjoining Conservation land.

4.2.2 Land to be Restored to or Retained in Crown Control

Not Applicable.

4.2.3 Existing Reserve

Not Applicable.

4.2.4 Existing Conservation Area

Not applicable

4.2.5 Land Being Disposed of Subject to a Protective Mechanism

4.2.5.1 Name: Fraser Stream public access easement
Existing status Pastoral lease.
Authority s.40 (1) (c) CPLA
Proposal: That an area of 3 hectares (3 kms x 10 m) be designated as land that
may be disposed of subject to the creation of an easement for the purpose of
providing public access.
Description. This easement continues on from an existing unformed legal road
that runs alongside the Rhoboro Downs/Ben Ohau boundary up Darts Bush
Stream and also branches up Fraser Stream for some 3-4 kilometre's.
Jusfification To provide as of right public foot, horse and non-motorised bike
access to the proposed conservation land for 365 days of the year.
Management and Boundary issues This access route will require marking
along with appropriate signage. Also styles and/or gates may be necessary in
order to give free unimpeded public access. This will be determined after
consultation with the landowner. If vehicle use is required over this route by the public this will be at the discretion of the landowner, who will not unreasonably deny access' but may make a charge for the use of this route.
Type of protective mechanism. An easement under s.7 (2) Conservation act for
public access.

Attachment Terms and conditions

4.2.6 Other qualified designation

4.2.6.1 Name: Fraser Stream Management easement.
Existing status: Pastoral lease.
Authority: s.36 (3) (b) CPLA
Proposal. That the designation of land under s.35 (3) CPLA, for disposal) be
subject to the creation of an easement to provide the Department of
Conservation with access for management purposes.
Description: This easement continues on from an existing unformed legal road that runs alongside the Rhoboro Downs/Ben Ohau boundary up Darts Bush Stream and also branches up Fraser Stream for some 3-4 kilometres. This route follows the same line as the public access route above.
Justification: This easement is to provide the Department of Conservation with vehicle access to the proposed Conservation land in order to facilitate proper management of the area.
Management and Boundary issues. This access route is in part over an unformed legal road which will require signs and marking. It is anticipated that access for crown vehicles should not cause disruption to farming, but that prior notice would be given.
Type of qualification: Easement in favour of the adjacent land. Attachment.

4.2.7 Exemption or variation of a marginal strip.

Not applicable.

4.2.8 Other matters

An early warning NGO meeting held in Timaru raised a number of issues. These have largely been met, except for the issue of landscape protection and controls on forestry and wilding pines. The balance of the pastoral lease will be available for disposal without encumbrances, as there are no other significant inherent values that warrant further protection.

PART 5

ATTACHMENTS

5.1. Additional Information
5.2. Illustrative Maps
5.2.1 Topo/Cadastral
5.2.2 Values

DOC's original recommendations

 

DOC's revised recommendations

 

Public Access New Zealand

29 July 2002

Commissioner of Crown Lands
C/- DTZ New Zealand
P O Box 564
Timaru

Submission on Rhoboro Downs Tenure Review Preliminary Proposal

PANZ wishes to comment on the following aspects of the preliminary proposal:

 

Public access provision

The proposal's public access provision is entirely dependent on the existing legal road along the southern boundary providing practical access. The proposed public easement up Fraser Stream commences at the western termination of this unformed road. Access to upper Darts Bush Stream and Flanagan Pass is entirely dependent on this historic legal road.

While PANZ supports the use of existing legal roads and the dedication of new roads, in preference to easements, these roads must be on practical alignments if they are to serve any useful purpose.

The Due Diligence Report, Page 2, records that "without the benefit of survey definition under Class A or B Standards, there is no immediate guarantee that occupation boundaries coincide with the current cadastral boundaries. This statement appears to have been made because it is not absolutely certain which side of the legal road, the southern boundary fence is located".

Which side of the fence the legal road is on, is crucial to securing public access to and enjoyment of reviewable land (see Photo 1). There is a wide shelterbelt approximately 1 km long that is established along the north side of the fence. If this were on the road alignment, it would appear to totally obstruct public passage.

Although the Commissioner has decreed that boundaries will not be dealt with as part of tenure review, as public access is entirely dependent on utalising this road, if the road is obstructed then his duty under section 24 ( c) (1) to "secure public access to and enjoyment of reviewable land" will be unfulfilled.

We submit that the location of the public road be determined as part of tenure review. If the road is obstructed by the shelter belt, a legal road deviation should be created around the obstruction as a condition of tenure review, or alternatively the lessee agree to remove sufficient trees to allow unhindered passage.

As a matter of priority, DOC should signpost the access from Rhoboro Downs Road, with gates installed in any ungated side fences.

It appears that the road alignment is unsuitable for motor vehicle use in its existing state. However it will provide a key foot, cycle and horse access to the southern Ben Ohau Range.

We support the alignment of the proposed public easement in the Fraser Stream valley.

We reject the Lanpac advice (pg. 3) that "it will be necessary to seek local authorities opinion and for them to identify their future road requirements, especially situations where the legal road is unformed". Public roads exist for all forms of public passage. A local authority view that "roading requirements" are confined to motor vehicle requirements is not pertinent to retention of this road access to the proposed conservation area on the Ben Ohau Range.

 

Terms of public easement

Public notification required

We note mechanisms for resolving disputes between the Transferor and the Transferee, but there is no provision for public notification or objection to any changes to the terms of the easement. We welcome the easement being pursuant to section 7(2) Conservation Act, which should require section 49 public notice procedures if any disposition of the Crown's interest in the easement is proposed. However there is too much scope for official discretion as to whether or not a change that may be detrimental to public access is deemed to be a disposition. Given that "any member of the public" is included within the definition of 'Transferee', but excluded from any settlement of disputes, we think it only proper that there be an express requirement for s49 Conservation Act procedures whenever any change, or extinguishment, to the terms of easements are proposed.

 

Exclusion of schedules

We note an express exclusion of the rights and powers contained in the Ninth Schedule of the Property Law Act, but not of those in section 126G which enable modification or extinguishment of easements through the Courts. We submit that section 126G of the Property Law Act be expressly excluded from the terms of the public access easement.

 

Temporary closures

We are concerned about the 'temporary suspension' provisions of the draft easement document. This states that -

"The Transferee may close all or part of the Easement Area and suspend public access to it under section 7 Conservation Act 1987 if reasons of public safety or emergency require closure, or otherwise in accordance with the provisions of section 13 of the Conservation Act 1987

Section 7 Conservation Act is entitled 'land may be acquired and held for conservation purposes', and contains no powers of closure.

Section 13 Conservation Act only applies to conservation areas. The easement area will be private freehold. If there are genuine reasons for closure of the conservation area, that is where closures should apply. Notifying closure of the conservation area at the commencement of the easement is acceptable, however the easement itself cannot be closed under the Conservation Act.

There is no statutory authority cited for closure for public safety or emergency. Emergency powers should be exercised either by the Police or Rural Fire controlling authority for genuine emergencies only. In view of DOC's partiality towards tourism and other commercial interests at the expense of public recreation, we do not trust the department with powers of considerable discretion and vagueness such as "public safety". Such powers are contrary to public rights of access and recreation over conservation areas and could easily be subject to misuse. DOC's powers over Easement Areas should be no greater than over the land the easements are appurtenant to. If there are no express authorities under the Conservation Act for closure of conservation areas for "public safety" reasons, we submit that there should be no such provisions over this easement.

Special condition 9 allowing the Transferee's agreement to locking gates is unacceptable. There are no limitations cited as to the exercise of such discretion, which would negate passage by horse at any time.

 

Marginal strips and lake access

Extension of the term of the lease in 1994, through variation of its terms, failed to create marginal strips. PANZ strenuously objects to this circumvention of the intention of Part IVA of the Conservation Act to create strips upon disposition of Crown land.

Although the certificate of title carries the memorial "subject to the provisions of section 58 of the Land Act 1948", on the advice of the Department of Justice it would appear that this memorial has no substance (Lanpac Land Status Report, pg. 2). We have requested from LINZ the Ministerial Co-ordinating Committee/SOE Paper 271 of 31 March 1987, which is supposed to provide such advice, LINZ has failed to supply this.

The consequence is that the most recent definition plan (SO 13326) fails to depict any marginal strips along the banks of Dorcy Stream, Fraser Stream, Dry Stream and the Twizel River. Previous s58 strips and roads along the natural shoreline of Lake Pukaki were inundated by hydro electric development and were not reinstated above the new lake level.

The Preliminary Proposal provides no assurance that marginal strips will be provided along qualifying waterways. We do not have confidence in DOC ensuring that these will be established. These should be 20 metres wide except in the case of the Lake Pukaki shoreline. DOC acknowledged in their Conservation Resources Report (2.7.3) that "public access to and along the shores of Lake Pukaki needs addressing", however there are no proposals to do so in the Preliminary Proposal.

Due to the steepness of eroded cliffs over much of its length with associated difficulty of access, and the likelihood of future subdivisional pressures, we submit that a marginal strip 200m wide be created along the shoreline. (Photo 2). This should ensure that a wide band of land with spectacular outlooks toward Mount Cook be retained as public open space and freely available for everyone to enjoy.

In the Pukaki Downs Conservation Resources Report, it was stated at 2.8.1 that "a legal road (non-formed) runs from SH 80 through Run 290 (Rhoboro Downs) and adjacent Run 310 (Pukaki Downs). This road connects with remnants of the old SH80 along the foreshore of Lake Pukaki". This is now recorded as Closed Road Pt Run 290 SO 16043. We understand that this has now been incorporated into Rhoboro Downs. This provides a key access to the lake and it should be retained for vehicular and other public access. In conjunction with a wide marginal strip at the Pukaki outlet, this northern boundary access would ensure convenient access to the full length of this nationally important lakeshore.

 

Dart Bush flats red tussock

In regard to the Darts Bush Flats DOC's Conservation Resources Report stated that "this area has some special features, notably the red tussockland in Darts Bush flats, which is in good condition. Such communities were once more extensive in the Mackenzie Basin. There are many bogs and flushes associated with the tussockland. The presence of Sphagnum moss indicates that peat is being formed, which is uncommon south of Rakaia River at this altitude. Grazing by cattle and horses appear to be having localised impacts on the comb sedge bogs, as has a farm track. Three plants of the vulnerable to rare Carex secta var. tenuiculmis were observed growing beside one flush. One bog pine plant, considered uncommon, was also observed. This wetland not only has important conservation values, but has also an important hydrological role" (2.5).

DOC recommended that "130 ha approximately alongside Darts Bush Stream become conservation land and that this area be fenced and destocked. This area of red tussock grassland while not the best in the ecological district, is contiguous with a reduced tussock community on Ben Ohau to the south. Red tussock grasslands are now relatively rare or often have been highly modified. This area has a moderate level of naturalness. Several rare plants i.e. Carex secta var teniculmis and an individual bog pine make this area distinctive. The matagouri shrubland alongside the area also has a moderate degree of diversity. The shrubland, red tussock grassland and natural stream features provide a natural landscape feature, worthy of protection".

DOC's revised recommendations of July 1999 recommended that an area of approximately 130 hectares be designated as a Conservation Area with the justification that:

"The land is characterised by areas that have the following significant inherent values:

1) This is a locality for species and an ecosystem that is now uncommon in the district. These values are:

Red tussock communities and their associated hybrids are uncommon in the District.

Area contains a the rare plant Carex secta var teniculmis and Bog pine

2) There is potential for this area to be linked up with the adjoining tussock grassland

3) and shrubland along side Darts Bush Stream, which would enhance the natural functioning and ecological diversity of the area.

This carried over to the Recommendations for Draft Preliminary Proposal (Submission No. R0069):

Darts Bush Terrace "That an area of approximately 130 hectares be designated as a Conservation Area to be managed by the Department of Conservation".

"The above recommendation is supported but it will necessitate considerable additional fencing to include the whole area and so protect red tussock communities and their associated hybrids which are said to be uncommon in the District. The writer notes much of it is hybrid tussock and not an exquisite pure stand. It does however retain the integrity of the terrace and links with adjoining tussock grassland".

However after consultation with the holder (Report on Consultation at 10.1.1) -

Reason for Amendment: Most of the area marked "E" in the holder's submission 'contains a flat of hybrid red tussock leading up on to low spurs to the north-west of the flats. The inherent values are not regarded as being of high value and their loss would not unduly compromise the inherent values as a whole on the property. The flats also have high value for potential hay paddocks for farming uses, which is particularly valuable on this property, which has limited good soils. It is proposed the new boundary line follow the lower fringe of the spurs leading down to the flat to minimise intrusion on the landscape by the fenceline".

"While recognising that Area E does contains some inherent values, it is considered that in order to achieve an appropriate outcome, conceding to the holders wishes is appropriate", DOC to Knight Frank 25 July 2000.

The DOC reasons for dropping Crown retention of this red tussock area are inconsistent with the objects of the CPLA. Official papers cited above clearly record that there are significant inherent values; that these are "special" features that are now uncommon in the district. This area more than qualifies for Crown retention in fulfillment of the primary statutory duty of the "promotion of the management of reviewable land in a way that is ecologically sustainable" (s24 (a)(1). Turning this area into a hay paddock is hardly ecologically sustainable, and completely destructive of inherent values. Protecting these values, as required by s24 (b) best fulfils the primary requirement of s24 (a)(1). DOC's latter vision of "an appropriate outcome" is not supported by their own assessment of the resources and should not be a relevant consideration by the CCL.

Aside from ecological values, this area provides a distinctive and valuable recreational setting on the approach up Darts Bush Stream (photo 3). It is a rare experience to be able to walk through red tussock grassland in the Mackenzie basin. It links to the snow tussock grasslands immediately upslope and provides a uniform tall tussock character over the terrace. With fencing and stock exclusion, this can only improve in stature and quality.

We submit that the whole of the terrace from Fraser Stream to the foot of the Ben Ohau Range be retained in Crown ownership as a conservation area.

 

Yours faithfully

 

 

Bruce Mason
Researcher and Co-spokesperson

Appendices: 3 photographs

 

Public Access New Zealand, P.O.Box 17, Dunedin, New Zealand